H13 Alloy Steel Powder

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H13 Alloy Steel Powder

Product	H13 Alloy Steel Powder
CAS No.	N/A
Appearance	Gray to Dark Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Fe-Cr-Mo-V-C
Density	7.80g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-351/25

H13 Alloy Steel Description:

H13 Alloy Steel Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

H13 Alloy Steel Powder Related Information :

Storage Conditions:

Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature.

Please contact us for customization and price inquiry

Email: contact@nanochemazone.com

Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters.

H13 Alloy Steel Powder For 3D Printing

Our nitrogen atomized H13 alloy steel powder has good hardenability, thermal strength, wear resistance and high impact toughness, thermal fatigue, widely used in the manufacture of hot work molds.Wear is one of the main failure modes of H13 steel hot-working die. Improving the surface wear resistance of H13 steel is an effective way to improve the life of die.

H13 alloy steel powder is a highly versatile and widely used material in various industrial applications, particularly in the field of metal additive manufacturing (AM). This chromium-molybdenum hot-work tool steel is renowned for its exceptional properties, such as high hardness, excellent wear resistance, and good toughness, even at elevated temperatures.

Composition	Content (%)
Carbon	0.32 – 0.45
Chromium	4.75 – 5.50
Molybdenum	1.10 – 1.75
Vanadium	0.80 – 1.20
Silicon	0.80 – 1.20
Manganese	0.20 – 0.50
Iron	Balance

Typical chemical composition of H13 alloy steel powder

Properties and Characteristics

Property	Value
Density	7.8 g/cm³
Hardness (Annealed)	185 – 235 HB
Hardness (Heat Treated)	48 – 52 HRC
Tensile Strength (Heat Treated)	1800 – 2100 MPa
Yield Strength (Heat Treated)	1500 – 1800 MPa
Elongation (Heat Treated)	10 – 15%
Thermal Conductivity	28.6 W/m·K at 20°C
Melting Point	1427 – 1510°C

Typical properties of H13 alloy steel

H13 alloy steel powder exhibits excellent dimensional stability, creep resistance, and thermal fatigue resistance, making it an ideal choice for various industrial applications. Its high hardness and wear resistance make it suitable for producing tools, dies, and components subjected to severe mechanical and thermal stresses.

Applications

Application	Description
Extrusion Dies	Used for hot extrusion of metals, plastics, and other materials
Forging Dies	Utilized in hot forging processes for various metal components
Injection Molds	Employed in plastic injection molding for manufacturing plastic parts
Hot Shear Blades	Used in hot shearing operations for cutting metals at elevated temperatures
Casting Tooling	Utilized in the production of castings for various industries
Powder Metallurgy Tooling	Employed in the manufacturing of powder metallurgy components
Additive Manufacturing (AM) Components	Used for producing high-performance components via metal 3D printing techniques

Common applications of H13 alloy steel powder

Specifications, Sizes, and Grades

Specification	Description
ASTM A681	Standard specification for tool steels alloy
DIN 1.2344	German standard for hot-work tool steel
JIS SKD61	Japanese Industrial Standard for hot-work die steel
BS BH13	British Standard for hot-working die steel
AISI H13	American Iron and Steel Institute specification for hot-work die steel

Common specifications and standards for H13 alloy steel

H13 alloy steel powder is typically available in various particle size distributions, ranging from coarse to fine powders, to meet the requirements of different additive manufacturing processes, such as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), electron beam powder bed fusion (EBPBF), and binder jetting.

FAQs

Q1: What makes H13 alloy steel powder suitable for additive manufacturing?

A1: H13 alloy steel powder’s excellent mechanical properties, thermal resistance, and dimensional stability make it an ideal material for producing high-performance components via additive manufacturing processes like laser powder bed fusion and electron beam powder bed fusion.

Q2: Can H13 alloy steel powder be used for other manufacturing processes besides additive manufacturing?

A2: Yes, H13 alloy steel powder can also be used in conventional manufacturing processes like powder metallurgy, hot isostatic pressing (HIP), and metal injection molding (MIM).

Q3: What are the typical post-processing steps for components made from H13 alloy steel powder?

A3: Common post-processing steps for H13 alloy steel components include heat treatment, hot isostatic pressing (HIP), machining, and surface finishing operations like grinding, polishing, or coating.

Q4: How does the particle size distribution of H13 alloy steel powder affect its performance in additive manufacturing?

A4: The particle size distribution plays a crucial role in the flowability, packing density, and processability of the powder during additive manufacturing. Finer powders generally provide better resolution and surface finish, while coarser powders may exhibit better mechanical properties.

Q5: Are there any specific safety precautions to consider when handling H13 alloy steel powder?

A5: Yes, proper safety measures should be taken when handling H13 alloy steel powder, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), adequate ventilation, and proper disposal of waste materials. Additionally, precautions should be taken to prevent static discharge and dust explosions.

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Category: Iron Based Alloy Powder

Description

Description
Note: For pricing & ordering information, please get in touch with us at sales@nanochemazone.com
Please contact us for quotes on Larger Quantities and customization. E-mail: contact@nanochemazone.com

Customization:
If you are planning to order large quantities for your industrial and academic needs, please note that customization of parameters (such as size, length, purity, functionalities, etc.) is available upon request.

NOTE:
Images, pictures, colors, particle sizes, purity, packing, descriptions, and specifications for the real and actual goods may differ. These are only used on the website for the purposes of reference, advertising, and portrayal. Please contact us via email at sales@nanochemazone.com or by phone at (+1 780 612 4177) if you have any

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18Ni300 Powder

Product	18Ni300 Powder
CAS No.	7440-02-0
Appearance	Grey to Dark Grey Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	18Ni
Density	8.0g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-348/25

18Ni300 Description:

18Ni300 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

18Ni300 Powder Related Information :

Property	Description
High Strength and Toughness	Even after 3D printing, 18Ni300 parts exhibit exceptional strength and toughness, making them ideal for demanding applications. Imagine a 3D-printed gear that can withstand incredible pressure without breaking – that’s the power of 18Ni300.
Excellent Wear Resistance	This material stands up to wear and tear remarkably well. Think of a 3D-printed mold that retains its shape and function even after countless uses.
Low-Carbon Content	The low carbon content minimizes the risk of cracking during the 3D printing process, ensuring smooth and reliable production.
Good Weldability	18Ni300 parts can be readily welded, allowing for the creation of complex structures or the joining of 3D-printed components with traditional manufacturing techniques.
High Dimensional Accuracy	The spherical shape and consistent particle size of 18Ni300 powder contribute to excellent dimensional accuracy in the final 3D-printed parts.
Industry	Application Examples
Aerospace	High-strength components for aircraft landing gear, rocket engine parts, and other critical structures.
Oil & Gas	Wear-resistant parts for downhole tools, valves, and other equipment exposed to harsh environments.
Automotive	High-performance gears, shafts, and other components for demanding applications.
Medical	Biocompatible implants and surgical instruments requiring exceptional strength and durability.
Defense	Armor components, weapon parts, and other applications where lightweight yet robust materials are essential.

Specifying Your Needs: Specifications, Sizes, and Grades When selecting 18Ni300 powder for your 3D printing project, it’s crucial to consider the specific requirements of your application. Here’s a breakdown of some key specifications to keep in mind:

Specification	Description
Particle Size	The size of the powder particles significantly impacts the final properties and printability of the 3D-printed part. Finer powders generally offer better surface finish and detail but may require specialized printing equipment.
Flowability	The powder’s ability to flow freely is essential for even distribution during the 3D printing process. Good flowability ensures consistent material deposition and minimizes printing defects.
Apparent Density	This refers to the weight of powder per unit volume. It’s a crucial factor for determining the amount of material needed for your print and optimizing printing parameters.
Grade	Different grades of 18Ni300 powder may offer variations in composition or properties to cater to specific application needs. For instance, some grades might prioritize higher strength, while others focus on improved machinability.

Understanding the Options: Available Sizes and Standards 18Ni300 powder is typically available in a range of particle sizes to suit various 3D printing technologies. Some common size ranges include: 15-45 micrometers (µm) 45-75 µm 75-100 µm The choice of particle size depends on the specific 3D printing process and the desired part properties. For example, laser beam melting (LBM) often utilizes finer powders (15-45 µm) for high-resolution printing, while electron beam melting (EBM) can handle slightly larger particles (45-75 µm). Several industry standards govern the quality and specifications of metal powders for additive manufacturing, including 18Ni300 powder. Here are some relevant standards to be aware of: ASTM International (ASTM) F3049 – Standard Specification for Metal Powders Used in Additive Manufacturing Processes Aerospace Material Specifications (AMS) 5649 – Additive Manufacturing Powder, Maraging Steel, 18Ni-3Co-3Mo-0.5Ti Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About 18Ni300 Powder Q: What are the advantages of using 18Ni300 powder for 3D printing? A: 18Ni300 powder offers a compelling combination of high strength, toughness, excellent wear resistance, and good weldability. It also boasts low-carbon content for minimized cracking risk and good dimensional accuracy in printed parts. Q: What are some limitations of 18Ni300 powder? A: Compared to some other metal powders, 18Ni300 may require a post-printing heat treatment process to achieve its full strength and toughness potential. Additionally, the material can be more expensive than some commonly used 3D printing materials. Q: Is 18Ni300 powder safe to handle? A: Metal powders, including 18Ni300, can pose health risks if inhaled. It’s crucial to follow proper safety protocols when handling these materials, including using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and working in a well-ventilated environment. Q: What are the future prospects for 18Ni300 powder in 3D printing? A: With ongoing research and development, 18Ni300 powder is expected to play an increasingly significant role in 3D printing. Advancements in powder production technologies and 3D printing processes could further enhance the printability and properties of this versatile material, unlocking new possibilities for high-performance metal additive manufacturing.

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304l Stainless Steel Powder

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304l Stainless Steel Powder

Product	304l Stainless Steel Powder
CAS No.	11143-21-4
Appearance	Metallic Gray or Silver Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Fe-Cr-Ni
Density	7.9g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-338/25

304l Stainless Steel Description:

304l Stainless Steel Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

304l Stainless Steel Powder Related Information :

Element	Weight %
Chromium (Cr)	18-20
Nickel (Ni)	8-10.5
Manganese (Mn)	<2
Silicon (Si)	<1
Carbon (C)	<0.03
Sulfur (S)	<0.03
Phosphorus (P)	<0.045
Nitrogen (N)	<0.1
Iron (Fe)	Balance

Chromium and nickel are the main alloying elements. Chromium provides corrosion and oxidation resistance. Nickel enhances ductility, toughness, and weldability. Manganese and silicon increase strength. Carbon is kept very low for optimum corrosion resistance. Sulfur, phosphorus, and nitrogen are impurities that are minimized. Properties Key properties of 304L stainless steel powder in the annealed condition are provided below: Table: Properties of 304L stainless steel powder

Property	Value
Density	7.9-8.1 g/cm3
Ultimate Tensile Strength	505-620 MPa
Yield Strength	205-275 MPa
Elongation	≥40%
Hardness	≤92 HRB
Modulus of Elasticity	190-210 GPa
Melting Point	1400-1450°C
Thermal Conductivity	16 W/m-K
Electrical Resistivity	0.072 μΩ-cm

The combination of properties make 304L highly useful for a wide range of applications. The austenitic microstructure provides ductility, toughness, and non-magnetic behavior. 304L has excellent corrosion resistance comparable to 316L stainless steel. By selecting ultra-low carbon powder, carbide precipitation can be avoided to maximize corrosion resistance in critical applications. Strength and hardness can be increased through cold working. Applications Typical applications for 304L stainless steel powder include: Food processing equipment Pharmaceutical tooling Chemical plant components Architectural panels, railings Medical instruments and implants Marine hardware, fittings, fasteners Consumer products, appliances Powder metallurgy mechanical parts 3D printing powders 304L provides cost-effective corrosion resistance versus 316L when molybdenum alloying is not needed for highly corrosive environments. The excellent polishability and non-magnetic properties also suits 304L for architectural cladding and hardware components. Powder metallurgy is commonly used to produce small precision parts from 304L at high volumes versus machining. Additive manufacturing utilizes 304L powder for prototypes, tooling, and end-use components across industries. Powder Manufacturing 304L stainless steel powder is commercially manufactured via gas atomization or water atomization processes. In gas atomization, a high pressure inert gas stream disintegrates the molten metal into fine droplets, producing spherical powders ideal for additive manufacturing and MIM. Particle size distribution is controlled through process parameters. Water atomization uses high pressure water jets to break up the metal stream into fine particles. This generates irregular, satellite particle shapes. The powder requires post-treatment for additive manufacturing. Plasma atomization is sometimes used to produce very spherical, clean powders from a metal plasma stream in a controlled inert atmosphere. This ensures high purity and flowability. Powder Specifications 304L stainless steel powder is commercially available in various size ranges, morphologies, and quality levels. Some typical powder specifications are below: Table: 304L stainless steel powder specifications

Attribute	Details
Particles sizes	15-45 μm, 10-100 μm
Morphology	Spherical, irregular
Apparent density	2.5-4.5 g/cm3
Tap density	4-5 g/cm3
Hall flow rate	<30 s/50g
Purity	>99.5%
Oxygen content	<2000 ppm
Moisture content	<0.2%

Smaller particle sizes below 45 μm are preferred for capturing fine features in additive manufacturing. Spherical particles provide good flowability. Apparent density correlates with powder packing efficiency. High purity, low oxygen, and controlled moisture levels ensure quality sintered properties. Gas atomized powder offers the best specifications for critical applications. Standards and Grades 304L stainless steel powder complies with the following standards: ASTM A240 – Standard for chromium and chromium-nickel stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip ASTM A313 – Standard for stainless steel spring wire ASTM A314 – Standard for stainless steel bent wire AMS 5501 – Stainless steel bars, wire, forgings, tubing with low carbon AMS 5647 – Stainless steel powder, atomized, 304L Equivalent grades include: UNS S30403 Werkstoff No. 1.4306 SUS 304L SS2348 Powder Storage and Handling To prevent contamination and maintain powder properties, 304L stainless steel powder should be stored and handled as follows: Store in sealed containers in a cool, dry environment Use inert gas purging or vacuum to prevent moisture pickup Keep away from sparks, flames, and ignition sources Ground all powder handling and transfer equipment Avoid contact with contaminants like oil, grease, paints, etc. Use PPE – mask, gloves, eye protection when handling powder Powder spills should be promptly cleaned using non-sparking tools and HEPA vacuuming. Powders are moderately sensitive to moisture and air exposure. Proper storage is key. Metal Injection Molding 304L is widely used for metal injection molding of small, complex parts leveraging powder metallurgy. Key considerations include: Feedstock: 60-68% powder loading with multi-component binder system Molding: High shot size, fast injection speed, high holding pressure Debinding: Solvent debinding followed by thermal debinding Sintering: 1350-1400°C in hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere Secondary Operations: Machining, laser marking, passivation, electropolishing MIM service bureaus have established best practices for high-performance 304L parts with as-sintered properties approaching wrought material. Design for AM For additive manufacturing using 304L stainless steel powder, key design guidelines include: Maintain wall thicknesses above 1 mm Use self-supporting geometries with angles above 45° Include drain holes to remove unfused powder Observe build orientation effects on properties Account for 20-25% shrinkage when designing mating parts Include machining allowances of 0.5-1 mm for critical fits Reduce overhangs, bridges, fine details that require supports Quality Control Quality control testing performed on 304L stainless steel powder includes: Chemical analysis – ICP and OES to verify composition Particle size analysis – Laser diffraction particle size analyzer Powder morphology – SEM imaging at high magnifications Apparent density and tap density – Hall flowmeter method Powder flow rate – Hall flowmeter funnel method Loss on ignition – ASTM E sin gravity furnace Moisture analysis – Karl Fischer titration, LECO analysis For sintered MIM parts, testing includes: Dimensional tolerances – CMM inspection Density – Archimedes method Microstructure – Optical microscopy, image analysis Mechanical testing – Hardness, tensile, fatigue, Charpy impact Health and Safety Like most stainless steel powders and parts, 304L poses little health risk with proper handling: Wear PPE when handling powder – mask, gloves, goggles Avoid skin contact to prevent sensitization Use HEPA-filtered vacuum for clean-up of dust and powder Avoid breathing any welding or melting fumes Dispose according to local environmental regulations Ensure adequate ventilation and respiratory protection if grinding or machining sintered parts No special disposal precautions are needed for 304L. With sound procedures, it poses minimal hazard for workers and the environment. FAQ 1.What is the difference between 304 and 304L stainless steel powder? 304L has lower carbon content (<0.03%) than 304 (<0.08%) for better corrosion resistance,especially for welding. 304 is more common. 2.Does 304L powder require a controlled atmosphere? Not necessarily, but storage in sealed containers with inert gas prevents oxidation and contamination. 3.What particle size is best for AM? 15-45 microns is typical for powder bed fusion AM to provide good flow and high resolution. Larger sizes from 45-100 microns are also used. 4.Is 304L used for metal 3D printing? Yes, 304L is widely used for powder bed and directed energy deposition 3D printing to make prototypes, tooling, and end-use parts. 5.What causes powder to oxidize and lose reusability? Exposure to air/moisture causes surface oxidation. Proper sealed storage with desiccant and oxygen absorbers prevents this. 6.Does 304L require solution annealing after laser sintering? Yes, stress relieving at 1050-1150°C and rapid cooling helps restore ductility and toughnessafterthe rapid solidification. 7.What finish can be expected on as-sintered MIM 304L parts? Around Ra 3-6 microns initially. Polishing and etching can achieve under 0.5 micron. Plating also gives a smooth finish. 8.What tolerance can be achieved with 304L MIM parts?±0.1-0.3% is typical but tolerances under ±0.1% are possible for high precision components. 9.Why is 304L preferred over 304 stainless steel? The lower carbon gives 304L better corrosion resistance, especially for weldments, reducing sensitization. It has become the dominant grade. 10.What is the cost premium for 304L vs. 304 powder? Typically 10-30% higher cost for 304L due to the lower carbon composition. Price also depends on quantities ordered.

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310 Powder

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310 Powder

Product	310 Powder
CAS No.	N/A
Appearance	Metallic Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Fe-25Cr-20Ni
Density	7.7-8.0g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-338/25

310 Description:

310 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

310 Powder Related Information :

Properties	Details
Composition	Fe-25Cr-20Ni-0.25N alloy
Density	8.1 g/cc
Particle shape	Irregular, angular
Size range	10-150 microns
Apparent density	Up to 50% of true density
Flowability	Moderate
Strength	Very high for a 300 series powder
Wear resistance	Excellent due to work hardening

310 powder is widely used in applications requiring hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance like valve parts, shafts, bearing cages, fasteners, surgical instruments etc. 310 Powder Composition Typical composition of 310 stainless steel powder: 310 Powder Composition

Element	Weight %
Iron (Fe)	Balance
Chromium (Cr)	24-26%
Nickel (Ni)	19-22%
Nitrogen (N)	0.2-0.4%
Carbon (C)	0.25% max
Silicon (Si)	1.5% max
Manganese (Mn)	2% max
Sulfur (S)	0.03% max
Phosphorus (P)	0.045% max

Iron provides the ferritic matrix and ductility Chromium and nickel enhance corrosion resistance Nitrogen provides solid solution strengthening Carbon, silicon, manganese controlled as tramp elements 310 Powder Physical Properties

Property	Values
Density	8.1 g/cc
Melting point	1370-1400°C
Electrical resistivity	0.8 μΩ-m
Thermal conductivity	12 W/mK
Thermal expansion	11 x 10^-6 /K
Maximum service temperature	1150°C

High density compared to ferritic stainless steels Maintains excellent strength at elevated temperatures Resistivity higher than pure iron or carbon steels Lower thermal conductivity than carbon steel Can withstand continuous service up to 1150°C The physical properties make 310 suitable for high temperature applications requiring hardness, strength and corrosion resistance. 310 Powder Mechanical Properties

Property	Values
Tensile strength	760-900 MPa
Yield strength	450-550 MPa
Elongation	35-40%
Hardness	32-38 HRC
Impact strength	50-100 J
Modulus of elasticity	190-210 GPa

Very high strength for 300 series stainless steel Excellent hardness and wear resistance High toughness and impact strength Strength can be further increased through cold working Cold working also significantly enhances hardness The properties provide an excellent combination of strength, hardness and toughness required in many wear resistant applications. 310 Powder Applications Typical applications of 310 stainless steel powder include: 310 Powder Applications

Industry	Example Uses
Petrochemical	Valves, pumps, shafts
Food processing	Extruder screws, blades
Automotive	Gears, shafts, fasteners
Manufacturing	Press tooling, bearing cages
Medical	Surgical instruments, implants

Some specific product uses: High strength fasteners, bolts, nuts Pump and valve components like seals, shafts Food processing extruder screws and blades High hardness press tooling and molds Mixing equipment, impellers requiring wear resistance Its excellent combination of properties make 310 widely used for specialized applications across industries. 310 Powder Specifications Relevant specifications and standards: 310 Powder Standards

Standard	Description
ASTM A276	Standard specification for stainless steel bars and shapes
ASTM A314	Standard for stainless steel bent pipe and tubing
ASME SA-479	Specification for stainless steel tubing
AMS 5517	Annealed corrosion resistant steel bar, wire, forgings
AMS 5903	Precipitation hardening stainless steel bar, wire, forgings

These standards define: Chemical composition limits of 310 alloy Permissible impurity levels like S, P Required mechanical properties Approved production methods Compliance testing protocols Proper packaging, labeling and documentation Meeting certification requirements ensures suitability of the powder. 310 Powder Particle Sizes 310 Powder Particle Size Distribution

Particle Size	Characteristics
10-45 microns	Ultrafine grade for high density and surface finish
45-150 microns	Coarse grade provides good flowability
15-150 microns	Standard grade for pressing and sintering

Finer particles allow greater densification during sintering Coarser powder flows better and fills die cavities uniformly Size range is tailored based on final part properties needed Both gas and water atomized powders are available Controlling particle size distribution allows optimizing processing behavior and final part performance. 310 Powder Apparent Density

Apparent Density	Details
Up to 50% of true density	For irregular powder morphology
4.5-5.5 g/cc typical	Improves with greater packing density

Higher apparent density improves powder flow and compressibility Irregular morphology limits maximum packing density Values up to 60% are possible with spherical powders High apparent density improves press filling efficiency Higher apparent density leads to better manufacturing productivity and part quality. 310 Powder Production Method

Method	Details
Gas atomization	High pressure inert gas breaks molten metal stream into fine droplets
Water atomization	High pressure water jet breaks metal into fine particles
Vacuum induction melting	High purity input materials melted under vacuum
Multiple remelting	Improves chemical homogenization
Sieving	Classifies powder into different particle size ranges

Gas atomization provides clean, spherical powder morphology Water atomization is a lower cost process with irregular particles Vacuum melting and remelting minimizes gaseous impurities Post-processing allows customization of particle sizes Automated production and stringent quality control result in consistent powder suitable for critical applications. 310 Powder Handling and Storage

Recommendation	Reason
Use PPE and ventilation	Avoid exposure to fine metallic particles
Ensure proper grounding	Prevent static discharge while handling
Avoid ignition sources	Powder can combust in oxygen atmosphere
Use non-sparking tools	Prevent possibility of ignition
Follow safety protocols	Reduce risk of burns, inhalation, ingestion
Store in stable containers	Prevent contamination or oxidation

As 310 powder is flammable, ignition and explosion risks should be controlled during handling and storage. Otherwise it is relatively safe with proper precautions. 310 Powder Inspection and Testing

Test	Details
Chemical analysis	ICP and XRF verify composition
Particle size distribution	Laser diffraction determines size distribution
Apparent density	Hall flowmeter test per ASTM B212 standard
Powder morphology	SEM imaging shows particle shape
Flow rate analysis	Gravity flow rate through specified nozzle
Loss on ignition	Determines residual moisture content

Stringent testing ensures the powder meets the required chemical purity, particle characteristics, density, morphology, and flowability per applicable specifications. 310 Powder Pros and Cons Advantages of 310 Powder Excellent strength and hardness for stainless steel powder High temperature strength and corrosion resistance Good ductility, toughness and weldability Excellent wear and abrasion resistance Readily work hardens significantly More cost-effective than high nickel or exotic alloys Disadvantages of 310 Powder Lower ductility than austenitic grades in annealed state Lower pitting corrosion resistance than 316 grade Requires care during welding to avoid sensitization Limited cold heading and forming capability Susceptible to sigma phase embrittlement at high temperatures Surface discoloration over time in some environments Comparison With 316L Powder 310 vs 316L Stainless Steel Powder

Parameter	310	316L
Density	8.1 g/cc	8.0 g/cc
Strength	760-900 MPa	485-550 MPa
Hardness	32-38 HRC	79-95 HRB
Corrosion resistance	Very good	Excellent
Cost	Low	High
Uses	Wear parts, tools	Chemical plants, marine

310 has far higher strength and hardness 316L provides better overall corrosion resistance 310 is more cost-effective than 316L 310 suited for applications needing hardness and wear resistance 316L preferred where corrosion is the primary concern 310 Powder FAQs Q: What are the main applications of 310 stainless steel powder? A: Main applications include high-strength fasteners, pump and valve components, extruder screws, press tooling, bearing cages, shafts, and surgical instruments requiring hardness, strength and wear resistance. Q: What is nitrogen’s role in 310 stainless steel? A: Nitrogen provides substantial solid solution strengthening which significantly increases the strength and hardness of 310 stainless steel. Q: What precautions are needed when working with 310 powder? A: Recommended precautions include ventilation, inert atmosphere, grounding, avoiding ignition sources, protective gear, using non-sparking tools, and safe storage in stable containers. Q: How does 310 stainless steel differ from 304 and 316 grades? A: 310 has much higher strength and hardness than 304 or 316 due to its high nitrogen content. It offers better wear resistance but lower corrosion resistance than 316.

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430L Powder

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430L Powder

Product	430L Powder
CAS No.	7439-89-6
Appearance	Silvery-Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Fe-16Cr
Density	2.8g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-343/25

430L Description:

430L Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

430L Powder Related Information :

Properties	Details
Composition	Fe-17Cr-Nb-Mo alloy
Density	7.7 g/cc
Particle shape	Irregular, angular
Size range	10-150 microns
Apparent density	Up to 50% of true density
Flowability	Moderate
Corrosion resistance	Excellent in many environments
Strengthening	Solid solution and precipitation strengthening

430L powder is widely used in chemical processing, marine hardware, automotive exhaust components, industrial valves and flanges, and structural parts needing weathering resistance. 430L Powder Composition

Element	Weight %
Iron (Fe)	Balance
Chromium (Cr)	16-18%
Carbon (C)	0.12% max
Silicon (Si)	1% max
Manganese (Mn)	1% max
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.5% max
Niobium (Nb)	0.3-0.6%
Nitrogen (N)	0.03% max
Sulfur (S)	0.03% max

Iron provides the base matrix and ductility Chromium enhances corrosion and oxidation resistance Niobium and molybdenum provide precipitation strengthening Carbon, nitrogen and sulfur are controlled as tramp elements 430L Powder Physical Properties

Property	Values
Density	7.7 g/cc
Melting point	1400-1450°C
Electrical resistivity	0.6-0.7 μΩ-m
Thermal conductivity	26 W/mK
Curie temperature	1440°C
Maximum service temperature	650-750°C

Density is moderately high for a stainless steel Provides high temperature strength and corrosion resistance Resistivity higher than pure iron or low alloy steels Becomes paramagnetic above Curie point Can withstand moderately high operating temperatures The physical properties make 430L suitable for corrosive environments and moderately high temperature applications requiring oxidation resistance. 430L Powder Mechanical Properties Provides moderately high strength for a stainless steel Excellent ductility and impact toughness Strength can be further increased through heat treatment Hardness is relatively low compared to martensitic grades The properties provide a good combination of strength, ductility, and toughness required for many corrosive environments and load conditions. 430L Powder Applications

Industry	Example Uses
Chemical	Tanks, valves, pipes, pumps
Automotive	Exhaust components, fuel injection parts
Construction	Cladding, architectural features
Oil and gas	Wellhead equipment, drilling tools
Manufacturing	Pressing tooling, molds, dies

Some specific product uses: Marine hardware like railings, hinges, fasteners Automotive exhaust manifolds, mufflers, catalytic converters Chemical processing equipment like valves and flanges Oil country tubular goods for downhole environments Architectural paneling, cladding and decorative features Its excellent corrosion resistance combined with good manufacturability make 430L widely used across industries needing weathering and oxidation resistance. 430L Powder Standards

Standard	Description
ASTM A743	Standard for corrosion resistant chromium steel castings
ASTM A744	Standard for corrosion resistant chromium steel sheet and strip
AMS 5759	Annealed corrosion resistant steel bar, wire, forgings
SAE J405	Automotive weathering steel sheet
DIN 17440	Stainless steels for corrosion resistant applications

These standards define: Chemical composition limits of 430L alloy Permissible impurity levels like S, P Required mechanical properties Approved production methods Compliance testing protocols Proper packaging, labeling and documentation Meeting certification requirements ensures suitability of the powder for the target applications and markets. 430L Powder Particle Size Distribution

Particle Size	Characteristics
10-45 microns	Ultrafine grade for high density and surface finish
45-150 microns	Coarse grade provides good flowability
15-150 microns	Standard grade for pressing and sintering

Apparent Density	Details
Up to 50% of true density	For irregular powder morphology
3.5-4.5 g/cc typical	Improves with greater packing density

Method	Details
Gas atomization	High pressure inert gas breaks molten metal stream into fine droplets
Water atomization	High pressure water jet breaks metal into fine particles
Vacuum induction melting	High purity input materials melted under vacuum
Multiple remelting	Improves chemical homogenization
Sieving	Classifies powder into different particle size ranges

Recommendation	Reason
Use PPE and ventilation	Avoid exposure to fine metallic particles
Ensure proper grounding	Prevent static discharge while handling
Avoid ignition sources	Powder can combust in oxygen atmosphere
Use non-sparking tools	Prevent possibility of ignition during handling
Follow safety protocols	Reduce risk of burns, inhalation, and ingestion
Store in stable containers	Prevent contamination or oxidation

As 430L powder is flammable, ignition and explosion risks should be controlled during handling and storage. Otherwise it is relatively safe with proper precautions. 430L Powder Inspection and Testing

Test	Details
Chemical analysis	ICP and XRF verify composition
Particle size distribution	Laser diffraction determines size distribution
Apparent density	Hall flowmeter test per ASTM B212 standard
Powder morphology	SEM imaging shows particle shape
Flow rate analysis	Gravity flow rate through specified nozzle
Loss on ignition	Determines residual moisture content

Stringent testing ensures the powder meets the required chemical purity, particle characteristics, density, morphology, and flowability per applicable specifications. 430L Powder Pros and Cons Advantages of 430L Powder Excellent corrosion resistance in many environments Good ductility, toughness and weldability Cost-effective compared to austenitic grades Can be precipitation hardened to increase strength Good high temperature oxidation resistance Readily formable using conventional techniques Disadvantages of 430L Powder Lower strength than martensitic or ferritic grades Requires care during welding to avoid sensitization Susceptible to chloride stress corrosion cracking Limited high temperature tensile strength Lower hardness and wear resistance than austenitic grades Surface discoloration over time in outdoor exposure Comparison With 304L Powder 430L vs 304L Stainless Steel Powder

Parameter	430L	304L
Density	7.7 g/cc	8.0 g/cc
Strength	450-650 MPa	520-620 MPa
Corrosion resistance	Excellent	Outstanding
Heat resistance	Good	Excellent
Weldability	Good	Excellent
Cost	Low	High
Uses	Automotive, construction	Chemical processing, marine

430L has slightly lower strength but better cost 304L has superior corrosion and heat resistance 430L has better room temperature toughness 304L is preferred for applications above 500°C 430L suited for outdoor structures and automotive parts 430L Powder FAQs Q: What are the main applications of 430L stainless steel powder? A: Main applications include automotive exhaust components, chemical processing equipment, oil and gas tools, architectural paneling and cladding, marine hardware, and manufacturing tooling. Q: What precautions should be taken when working with 430L powder? A: Recommended precautions include ventilation, PPE, proper grounding, inert atmosphere, avoiding ignition sources, using non-sparking tools, and safe storage in stable containers. Q: What is the effect of niobium addition in 430L stainless steel? A: Niobium provides precipitation strengthening through formation of nitrides and carbides. This strengthens the steel while retaining good corrosion resistance and ductility. Q: How does 430L differ from 409 and 439 stainless steel grades? A: 430L has higher corrosion resistance than 409 and higher strength than 439. It provides an optimal combination of corrosion resistance, formability, weldability and cost.

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AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder

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AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder

Product	AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder
CAS No.	N/A
Appearance	Gray to Dark Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Fe-13Cr-3Ni-1Mo-0.25C
Density	7.93g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-346/25

AerMet100 Stainless Steel Description:

AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder Related Information :

Storage Conditions: Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. Please contact us for customization and price inquiry Email: contact@nanochemazone.com Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters. AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder AerMet100 stainless steel powder is an advanced high strength and corrosion resistant alloy powder designed for additive manufacturing applications. With its unique composition and properties, AerMet100 enables production of high performance parts using 3D printing processes like laser powder bed fusion and binder jetting. This article provides a comprehensive overview of AerMet100 stainless steel powder covering its composition, properties, applications, specifications, pricing, handling, inspection methods and other technical details AerMet100 stainless steel powder is a high-performance alloy powder designed for additive manufacturing applications requiring high strength and fatigue resistance. Some key features of this material include: High strength and hardness – AerMet100 has excellent strength with tensile strength over 200 ksi and hardness ranging from 30-36 HRC. Good ductility – Despite the high strength, AerMet100 still retains decent ductility and impact resistance. Elongation values are over 10%. Excellent fatigue resistance – The fatigue limit of AerMet100 is very high at around 50% of tensile strength. This allows durable components exposed to cyclic stresses. Resistance to creep – AerMet100 resists deformation under load at high temperatures up to 700°C making it suitable for elevated temperature service. Corrosion resistance – The stainless steel composition provides corrosion and oxidation resistance for use in harsh environments. Weldability – The low carbon content allows for good weldability using standard fusion welding methods. Cost-effectiveness – AerMet100 is more affordable than other exotic alloys with similar properties. This exceptional balance of properties makes AerMet100 suitable for demanding applications in aerospace, oil & gas, automotive, and industrial sectors. Parts made from AerMet100 powder demonstrate high strength-to-weight ratio, durability, and reliability under operating loads. AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder Composition AerMet100 has a martensitic stainless steel composition with additions of cobalt, nickel, and molybdenum for strength and hardness. The nominal composition is given below:

Element	Weight %
Iron (Fe)	Balance
Chromium (Cr)	15.0 – 17.0
Nickel (Ni)	7.0 – 10.0
Cobalt (Co)	8.0 – 10.0
Molybdenum (Mo)	4.0 – 5.0
Manganese (Mn)	< 1.0
Silicon (Si)	< 1.0
Carbon (C)	< 0.03

The key alloying elements and their effects are: Chromium – Provides corrosion and oxidation resistance Nickel – Increases toughness and ductility Cobalt – Solid solution strengthener, increases strength Molybdenum – Solid solution strengthener, increases strength and creep resistance Manganese & Silicon – Deoxidizers to improve powder manufacturability Carbon – Kept low for better weldability The combination of these elements gives AerMet100 stainless steel its unique set of properties. AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder Properties AerMet100 exhibits the following physical and mechanical properties in as-built AM and heat treated conditions:

Property	As-Built	Heat Treated
Density	7.9 g/cc	7.9 g/cc
Porosity	< 1%	< 1%
Surface Roughness (Ra)	15-25 μm	15-25 μm
Hardness	30-35 HRC	34-38 HRC
Tensile Strength	170-190 ksi	190-220 ksi
Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)	160-180 ksi	180-210 ksi
Elongation	8-13%	10-15%
Reduction of Area	15-25%	15-25%
Modulus of Elasticity	27-30 Msi	29-32 Msi
CTE (70-400°C)	11-12 μm/m°C	11-12 μm/m°C
Conductivity	25-30% IACS	25-30% IACS

The properties make AerMet100 suitable for high-strength structural components, aerospace fasteners, downhole tools, valves and pumps, and other critical parts where fatigue resistance is paramount. AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder Applications The unique properties of AerMet100 make it an excellent choice for the following applications: Aerospace Structural brackets, braces, fuselage components Landing gear parts, wing components, empennage Engine mounts, exhaust components Turbine blades, impellers, compressor parts High-strength fasteners, bolts, nuts, rivets Oil & Gas Downhole drill tools and components Wellhead parts, valves, pumps Pressure vessels, pipe fittings Subsea/offshore structural parts Automotive Power generation components Drive systems parts like gears, shafts Structural braces, chassis components High-performance racing components Industrial Robotics parts subject to wear and impact Dies, molds, tooling Fluid handling parts like valves and pumps Other high-cycle loaded components The excellent fatigue strength of AerMet100 makes it an ideal replacement for components traditionally made from titanium or nickel alloys. The high hardness provides good wear resistance as well. AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder Specifications AerMet100 powder products meet the following specifications:

Specification	Grade/Alloy
AMS 7245	AerMet100
ASTM F3056	AlloySpec 23A
DIN 17224	X3NiCoMoAl 15-7-3

Typical size distributions for AM processing are:

Particle Size	Distribution
15-53 μm	98%
<106 μm	99%

Chemical composition must conform to the permissible ranges for elements like Cr, Ni, Co, Mo, C, etc. as outlined in AMS 7245 specification for AerMet100 alloy. Mechanical properties should meet or exceed the minimum values for hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area stated in AMS 7245. Non-destructive testing like dye penetrant or magnetic particle inspection should show no critical flaws or defects. Powder should have good flowability and exhibit no clumping. Storage and Handling To maintain quality of AerMet100 powder for AM use, the following storage and handling guidelines apply: Store sealed containers in a cool, dry place away from moisture and sources of contamination Avoid exposing powder to high humidity (>60% RH) for prolonged time Allow powder to equilibrate to room temperature prior to unsealing container to prevent condensation Pour and transfer powder in inert environments with low oxygen content if possible Use powder handling equipment and accessories made from compatible materials to prevent contamination Limit reuse of powder to 2-3 cycles maximum to prevent degradation of properties Conduct testing of used powder to ensure it still meets all specifications for reuse Proper storage and careful handling is key to preventing powder oxidation, contamination, or changes in flowability. Safety Information Wear PPE when handling powder – gloves, respirator mask, goggles Avoid skin contact to prevent possible allergic reactions Prevent inhalation of fine powders over long periods Ensure adequate ventilation and dust collection when processing Use non-sparking tools to dispense and handle powder Inert gas blanketing is recommended for powder handling Follow all applicable safety data sheet (SDS) guidelines Dispose according to local regulations and ensure containment AerMet100 alloy powders are generally not hazardous materials but following basic safety practices during storage, handling, and processing is advised. Inspection and Testing To ensure AerMet100 powder meets specifications, the following inspection and testing procedures can be used:

Test Method	Property Validated
Visual inspection	Powder flowability, contamination
Scanning electron microscopy	Particle size distribution and morphology
Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	Alloy chemistry, contamination
X-ray diffraction	Phases present, contamination
Hall flowmeter	Powder flow rate
Apparent density	Powder packing density
Tap density test	Powder flowability
Sieve analysis	Particle size distribution per ASTM B214
Chemical analysis	Composition per AMS 7245, oxides
Density measurement	Powder density vs AMS 7245

Mechanical testing of printed specimens per AMS 7245 validates final part properties meet requirements. Testing methods include hardness, tensile, charpy impact, high cycle fatigue, low cycle fatigue, creep rupture, fracture toughness, corrosion, etc. AerMet100 Stainless Steel Powder Comparison to Similar Materials AerMet100 compares to other high-strength martensitic stainless steels as follows:

Alloy	Strength	Ductility	Weldability	Cost
AerMet100	Very high	Moderate	Fair	Moderate
17-4PH	High	Low	Poor	Low
Custom 465	Very high	Low	Poor	High
316L	Moderate	High	Excellent	Low
Inconel 718	High	High	Moderate	Very high

Advantages of AerMet100: Higher strength than 17-4PH and 316L Better ductility than Custom 465 for higher impact resistance More weldable than precipitation hardening alloys Lower cost than Inconel 718 Limitations of AerMet100: Lower ductility/fracture toughness than austenitic 316L Inferior weldability compared to 316L Higher cost than 17-4PH or 316L Lower strength than Custom 465 in peak aged condition Overall, AerMet100 provides an optimal combination of strength, ductility, weldability, and cost for high-performance parts made by AM processes. FAQ Q: What are the key benefits of AerMet100 alloy? A: The main benefits of AerMet100 are its high strength and hardness coupled with good ductility, excellent fatigue resistance, creep resistance, corrosion resistance, and moderate cost. This makes it well suited for critical AM applications. Q: What heat treatment is used for AerMet100? A: A typical heat treatment is 1-2 hours solutionizing at 1040-1080°C followed by air or furnace cooling to room temperature, then age hardening at 480°C for 4 hours to achieve optimal strength and hardness. Q: What welding methods can be used to join AerMet100 parts? A: Fusion welding methods like GTAW, GMAW, and PAW are recommended for AerMet100 to avoid cracking and minimize distortion. Low heat input and peening of welds is also suggested. Brazing can also produce good joints. Q: How does AerMet100 compare to maraging steels for AM? A: AerMet100 has higher ductility but slightly lower strength than maraging steels like 18Ni300 or 18Ni350. Maraging steels have poor weldability. AerMet100 is a good lower-cost alternative to maraging. Q: Can AerMet100 be machined after AM processing? A: Yes, AerMet100 can be machined after AM but care must be taken to account for work hardening effects. Low cutting forces, carbide tooling, and adequate coolant is recommended. Annealing may be required after extensive machining. Q: What particle size range of AerMet100 powder is optimal for AM? A: The recommended particle size range for AM is 15-45 μm. Finer powders improve resolution but can negatively impact flowability. Coarser powders above 53 μm can cause print defects. The typical sweet spot is 25-35 μm

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D2 Powder

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D2 Powder

Product	D2 Powder
CAS No.	7782-39-0
Appearance	White-Off White Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	C28H44O2
Density	7.7g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-350/25

D2 Description:

D2 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

D2 Powder Related Information :

Properties	Details
Composition	Fe-1.5Cr-0.3C-0.4V-1Mo alloy
Density	7.7 g/cc
Particle shape	Spherical or irregular
Size range	10-150 microns
Apparent density	Up to 60% of true density
Flowability	Good
Hardness	60-62 HRC when heat treated
Toughness	Very good

D2’s exceptional combination of hardness, strength, and impact resistance make it the top choice for cold work tooling needing extended service life. D2 Powder Composition

Element	Weight %
Iron (Fe)	Balance
Chromium (Cr)	11-13%
Carbon (C)	1.4-1.6%
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.75-1.2%
Vanadium (V)	0.7-1.2%
Manganese (Mn)	0.3-0.6%
Silicon (Si)	0.15-0.4%

Iron provides the ferritic matrix Chromium contributes to hardness and wear resistance Carbon enables high hardness in heat treated condition Molybdenum and vanadium form carbides enhancing wear resistance Manganese and silicon improve solid solution strengthening D2 Powder Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7.7 g/cc
Melting point	1460-1500°C
Thermal conductivity	21 W/mK
Electrical resistivity	0.7 μΩ-m
Curie temperature	1010°C
Maximum service temperature	180-200°C

High density provides component miniaturization capabilities Retains high hardness and strength at elevated temperatures Becomes paramagnetic above Curie point Relatively low service temperature due to tempering effect The properties allow D2 to be used in cold work tooling applications at high hardness levels. D2 Powder Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Hardness	60-62 HRC
Transverse rupture strength	1900-2100 MPa
Tensile strength	2050-2200 MPa
Yield strength	1700-1900 MPa
Elongation	8-11%
Impact toughness	12-15 J/cm2

Exceptional hardness when heat treated Very high strength with reasonable ductility Excellent impact toughness for a tool steel High fatigue strength for extended tool life Strength and ductility values depend on heat treatment The properties make D2 suitable for the most demanding cold work tooling and die applications requiring extreme wear resistance. D2 Powder Applications

Industry	Example Uses
Manufacturing	Press tooling, punch and dies
Automotive	Blank, pierce, trim, and forming dies
Aerospace	Forming dies, fixtures
Consumer goods	Razors, knives, scissors
Industrial	Drawing dies, thread rolling dies

Some specific product uses: Cold heading dies for fastener manufacturing Coining dies for minting precise parts Thread rolling dies for bolt production Draw, punch, blanking dies across sectors Surgical tools and cutlery Pelletizing tooling D2 is the premier powder metal tool steel preferred for the longest lasting cold work tooling, metal forming dies, and precision components across all industries. D2 Powder Standards

Standard	Description
ASTM A681	Standard for tool steels alloys
DIN 1.2379	Equivalent to AISI D2
JIS G 4404	Cold work tool steels
ISO 4957	Tool steels
GOST 5950	Tool steel grades

These define: Chemical composition limits of D2 steel Required mechanical properties in heat treated condition Permissible impurities Approved production methods like gas atomization Compliance testing protocols Packaging, identification requirements D2 powder made to these specifications ensures suitability for tooling applications requiring maximum wear resistance, impact toughness and dimensional stability. D2 Powder Particle Sizes

Particle Size	Characteristics
10-22 microns	Ultrafine grade provides highest density
22-53 microns	Most commonly used size range
53-105 microns	Coarser size provides good flowability

Finer particles allow greater densification during sintering Coarser particles improve powder flow into die cavities Size is selected based on final part properties needed Both gas and water atomized particles used Controlling size distribution optimizes pressing behavior, sintered density, and final component performance. D2 Powder Apparent Density

Apparent Density	Details
Up to 60% of true density	For spherical powder morphology
4.5-5.5 g/cc typical	Higher density improves flow and compressibility

Spherical powder shape provides high apparent density Irregular powder has lower density around 50% Higher apparent density improves press fill efficiency Enables easier compaction into complex tool geometries Higher apparent density leads to better manufacturing productivity and component quality. D2 Powder Production Method

Method	Details
Gas atomization	High pressure inert gas breaks up molten alloy stream into fine droplets
Vacuum induction melting	High purity input materials melted under vacuum
Multiple remelting	Enhances chemical homogeneity
Sieving	Classifies powder into different particle size fractions

Gas atomization provides spherical powder shape Vacuum melting eliminates gaseous impurities Multiple remelting improves uniformity Post-processing allows particle size customization Fully automated processes combined with strict quality control ensures reliable and consistent properties of D2 powder critical for tooling performance. D2 Powder Handling and Storage

Recommendation	Reason
Ensure adequate ventilation	Prevent exposure to fine metal particles
Wear protective gear	Avoid accidental ingestion
Ground all equipment	Prevent static sparks
Avoid ignition sources	Flammable dust risk
Use non-sparking tools	Prevent ignition during handling
Follow safe protocols	Reduce fire, explosion, and health risks

Storage Recommendations Store sealed containers in a cool, dry area Limit exposure to moisture, acids, chlorides Maintain temperatures below 27°C Proper precautions during handling and storage help preserve purity and prevent health or fire hazards. D2 Powder Inspection and Testing

Test	Details
Chemical analysis	Verifies composition using optical or ICP spectroscopy
Particle size distribution	Determines sizes using laser diffraction or sieving
Apparent density	Measured using Hall flowmeter as per ASTM B212
Powder morphology	SEM imaging to determine particle shape
Flow rate analysis	Gravity flow rate through specified funnel
Tap density test	Density measured after mechanically tapping powder sample

Testing ensures the powder meets the required chemical composition, physical characteristics, particle size distribution, morphology, density, and flow rate specifications. D2 Powder Pros and Cons Advantages of D2 Powder Exceptional hardness when heat treated Excellent wear and abrasion resistance Very high strength combined with good impact toughness Dimensional stability in cold work service Good grindability compared to other tool steels Relatively cost-effective Limitations of D2 Powder Moderate corrosion resistance without surface treatment Limited high temperature strength and creep resistance Requires careful heat treatment by experienced providers Not weldable using conventional welding methods Large sections can experience embrittlement Brittle fracture mode limits cold formability Comparison With S7 Tool Steel Powder D2 vs S7 Tool Steel Powder

Parameter	D2	S7
Hardness	60-62 HRC	63-65 HRC
Toughness	Very good	Good
Wear resistance	Excellent	Outstanding
Corrosion resistance	Moderate	Low
Cold strength	Excellent	Very good
Cost	Low	High

D2 has slightly lower hardness but much better toughness S7 provides the maximum wear resistance D2 has better corrosion resistance uncoated S7 has higher hot hardness and hot strength D2 is more cost effective D2 Powder FAQs Q: What are the main applications of D2 tool steel powder? A: Main applications include cold pressing tooling, blanking and punching dies, coin minting dies, thread rolling dies, surgical tools, knives, industrial knives, and precision ground shafts and pins. Q: What heat treatment is used for D2 tool steel powder? A: D2 is typically heat treated by austenitizing at 1010-1040°C, quenching in oil or air, and tempering at 150-350°C to achieve a hardness of 60-62 HRC. Q: How does vanadium improve the properties of D2 steel? A: Vanadium forms fine carbides with iron and chromium that impart significant wear resistance and abrasion resistance while also enhancing impact toughness. Q: What precautions should be taken when working with D2 powder? A: Recommended precautions include ventilation, inert atmosphere, avoiding ignition sources, grounding equipment, using non-sparking tools, protective gear, and safe storage away from moisture or contamination.

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M2 Powder

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M2 Powder

Product	M2 Powder
CAS No.	N/A
Appearance	Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Fe-C-Cr-Mo-W-V
Density	N/A
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-254/25

M2 Description:

M2 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing

M2 Powder Related Information :

Element	Weight %	Purpose
Tungsten	6.0 – 6.8	Hardness, wear resistance
Molybdenum	4.8 – 5.5	Toughness, strength
Chromium	3.8 – 4.5	Hardening, wear resistance
Vanadium	1.9 – 2.2	Hardening, wear resistance
Carbon	0.78 – 0.88	Hardening
Manganese	0.15 – 0.45	Hardening
Silicon	0.15 – 0.45	Deoxidizer

The high tungsten, molybdenum and chromium content impart excellent hardness and wear resistance. Properties of M2 Powder

Property	Description
Hardness	64 – 66 HRC when heat treated
Wear resistance	Excellent abrasion and erosion resistance
Toughness	Higher than tungsten carbide grades
Compressive strength	Up to 300 ksi
Heat resistance	Can be used up to 600°C
Corrosion resistance	Better than plain carbon steels

The properties make M2 suitable for durable cutting, stamping and forming tooling. AM Process Parameters for M2 Powder

Parameter	Typical value	Purpose
Layer height	20-50 μm	Resolution versus build speed
Laser power	250-500 W	Sufficient melting without evaporation
Scan speed	400-1200 mm/s	Density versus production rate
Hatch spacing	80-120 μm	Mechanical properties
Support structure	Minimal	Easy removal
Hot isostatic pressing	1160°C, 100 MPa, 3 hrs	Eliminate porosity

Parameters tailored for density, microstructure, build rate and post-processing requirements. Applications of 3D Printed M2 Tooling

Industry	Tooling applications
Automotive	Stamping dies, forming tools, fixtures
Aerospace	Jigs, fixtures, trim tools
Appliances	Punches, blanking dies, bending dies
Consumer goods	Injection molds, stamping dies
Medical	Cutting tools, rasps, drill guides

Benefits over traditionally processed M2 tooling include complexity, lead time and cost reduction. Specifications of M2 Powder for AM M2 powder must meet strict specifications:

Parameter	Specification
Particle size range	15-45 μm typical
Particle shape	Spherical morphology
Apparent density	> 4 g/cc
Tap density	> 6 g/cc
Hall flow rate	> 23 sec for 50 g
Purity	>99.9%
Oxygen content	<300 ppm

Custom size distributions and controlled moisture levels available. Handling and Storage of M2 Powder As a reactive material, careful M2 powder handling is essential: Store sealed containers away from moisture, sparks, ignition sources Use inert gas padding during transfer and storage Ground equipment to dissipate static charges Avoid dust accumulation through extraction systems Follow applicable safety precautions Proper techniques ensure optimal powder condition. Inspection and Testing of M2 Powder

Method	Parameters Tested
Sieve analysis	Particle size distribution
SEM imaging	Particle morphology
EDX	Chemistry and composition
XRD	Phases present
Pycnometry	Density
Hall flow rate	Powder flowability

Testing per ASTM standards verifies powder quality and batch consistency. Comparing M2 to Alternative Tool Steel Powders M2 compares to other tool steel alloys as:

Alloy	Wear Resistance	Toughness	Cost	Ease of Processing
M2	Excellent	Good	Medium	Fair
H13	Good	Excellent	Low	Excellent
S7	Excellent	Fair	High	Difficult
420 stainless	Poor	Excellent	Low	Excellent

With its balanced properties, M2 supersedes alternatives for many wear-resistant tooling applications. Pros and Cons of M2 Powder for Metal AM

Pros	Cons
Excellent hardness and wear resistance	Lower toughness than cold work tool steels
Good heat resistance and thermal stability	Required post-processing like HIP and heat treatment
Established credentials for metal AM	Controlled atmosphere storage required
Cost advantage over exotic tool steels	Difficult to machine after printing
Properties match conventional M2	Limited corrosion resistance

M2 enables high wear resistance additive tooling, though not suitable for highly corrosive environments. Frequently Asked Questions about M2 Powder Q: What particle size range works best for printing M2 powder? A: A typical range is 15-45 microns. It provides optimal powder flowability combined with high resolution and dense parts. Q: What post-processing methods are used for M2 AM parts? A: Hot isostatic pressing, heat treatment, surface grinding/EDM, and shot peening are typically used to eliminate voids, harden, and finish parts. Q: Which metal 3D printing process is ideal for M2 alloy? A: M2 can be effectively printed using selective laser melting (SLM), direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and electron beam melting (EBM) processes. Q: What accuracy and surface finish can be expected for M2 printed parts? A: Post-processed M2 components can achieve dimensional tolerances and surface finish comparable to CNC machined M2 tooling. Q: What industries use additively manufactured M2 tooling components? A: Automotive, aerospace, medical, consumer goods, appliances, and industrial sectors benefit from 3D printed M2 tooling. Q: What is the key difference between M2 and M4 grades of high speed steel? A: M4 has slightly lower vanadium and molybdenum content leading to a better combination of wear resistance and toughness compared to M2. Q: Does M2 require support structures when 3D printing? A: Minimal supports are recommended on overhangs and bridges to prevent deformation and allow easy removal after printing. Q: What density can be expected with optimized M2 3D printed parts? A: Density above 99% is achievable for M2 using ideal parameters tailored specifically for this alloy. Q: What defects can occur when printing M2 powder? A: Potential defects are cracking, distortion, porosity, incomplete fusion, and surface roughness. Most can be prevented through optimized parameters. Q: Is HIP required for all M2 AM tooling components? A: While highly recommended, HIP may not be absolutely necessary for non-critical tooling applications. Heat treatment alone may suffice.

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OP431 Powder

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OP431 Powder

Product	OP431 Powder
CAS No.	431-03-8
Appearance	Light Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Fe-W-Mo-Cr-V-Co
Density	7.8-8.1g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-357/25

OP431 Description:

OP431 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

OP431 Powder Related Information :

Element	Weight %
Iron (Fe)	Balance
Chromium (Cr)	16-18%
Aluminum (Al)	3-5%
Yttrium (Y)	0.2-0.5%
Carbon (C)	0.03% max
Silicon (Si)	1% max
Manganese (Mn)	1% max

Properties of OP431 Powder Key properties of OP431 powder include:

Property	Value
Density	7.3 g/cm3
Melting Point	1400-1450°C
Thermal Conductivity	29 W/mK
Electrical Resistivity	0.6 μΩ.cm
Young’s Modulus	200 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio	0.27-0.30
Tensile Strength	450-650 MPa
Yield Strength	280-480 MPa
Elongation	15-20%
Oxidation Resistance	Excellent up to 1150°C

The properties like high temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability make OP431 suitable for demanding applications. Production Method for OP431 Powder OP431 powder can be produced via: Gas Atomization – High pressure inert gas used to atomize the molten alloy resulting in fine spherical powder ideal for AM. Water Atomization – High velocity water jet breaks up the molten stream producing irregular powder particles. Lower cost but higher oxygen pickup. Mechanical Alloying – Ball milling of blended elemental powders followed by sintering and secondary atomization. Gas atomization allows excellent control over particle size distribution, morphology, oxygen pickup and microstructure. Applications of OP431 Powder Typical applications of OP431 powder include: Additive Manufacturing – Selective laser melting to produce complex parts needing high temperature oxidation resistance. Thermal Spray Coatings – Applied via arc spraying to provide protective coatings on components operating at over 1000°C. Brazing Filler – For joining ferritic stainless steel parts in high temperature applications. Solid Fuel Igniters – Powder metallurgy igniter plugs used in industrial furnaces and turbines. Molten Metal Processing – Powder metallurgy conveyor rolls, tundishes and ladles used in molten metal handling. Specifications of OP431 Powder OP431 powder is available under various size ranges, shapes and grades: Particle Size: From 15-45 μm for AM methods, up to 150 μm for thermal spray processes. Morphology: Spherical, irregular and blended shapes. Spherical powder has excellent flowability. Purity: From commercial to high purity grades based on application requirements. Oxygen Content: Levels maintained below 2000 ppm for most applications. Flow Rate: Powder can be customized for flow rates above 25 s/50 g. Storage and Handling of OP431 Powder OP431 powder requires the following storage and handling: Should be stored in sealed containers under inert gas to prevent oxidation Avoid accumulation of fine powder to minimize dust explosion risks Use proper PPE, ventilation, grounding and safety practices during handling Prevent contact between powder and incompatible materials Follow safety guidelines provided by supplier SDS Proper protective measures must be taken when handling this reactive alloy powder. Inspection and Testing of OP431 Powder Key quality control tests performed on OP431 powder include: Chemical analysis using OES or XRF to ensure composition is within specified limits Particle size distribution as per ASTM B822 standard Morphology analysis through SEM Powder flow rate measured as per ASTM B213 standard Oxygen and nitrogen content testing by inert gas fusion Density determined by helium pycnometry Microstructure characterization by XRD Thorough testing ensures the powder meets the required chemical, physical and microstructural characteristics for the intended application. Comparison Between OP431 and 316L Stainless Steel Powders OP431 and 316L stainless steel powders are compared:

Parameter	OP431	316L
Type	Ferritic	Austenitic
Cr content	16-18%	16-18%
Ni content	–	10-14%
High temperature strength	Higher	Lower
Corrosion resistance	Moderate	Excellent
Cost	Lower	Higher
Applications	Thermal spray, igniters	Automotive, construction
Weldability	Poor	Excellent

OP431 offers much better high temperature strength whereas 316L provides excellent fabrication characteristics and corrosion resistance. OP431 Powder FAQs Q: How is OP431 powder produced? A: OP431 powder is commercially produced using gas atomization, water atomization, and mechanical alloying followed by sintering. Gas atomization provides the best control of powder characteristics. Q: What are the main applications of OP431 powder? A: Key applications include thermal spray coatings, additive manufacturing, brazing filler, powder metallurgy igniter plugs, and high temperature molten metal handling components where oxidation resistance is needed. Q: What is the typical OP431 powder size range used in metal AM? A: For most metal AM processes, the ideal OP431 powder size range is 15-45 microns with spherical morphology and good powder flow characteristics. Q: Does OP431 powder require any special handling precautions? A: Yes, it is recommended to handle this reactive powder carefully under inert atmosphere using proper ventilation, grounding, and PPE. Q: Where can I purchase OP431 powder suitable for thermal spray coatings? A: For thermal spray applications requiring high temperature oxidation resistance, OP431 powder can be purchased from leading manufacture.

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