Ti6Al4V Powder

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Ti6Al4V Powder

Product	Ti6Al4V Powder
CAS No.	12743-70-3
Appearance	Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	TiAlV
Density	2.2g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-321/25

Ti6Al4V Description:

Ti6Al4V Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

Ti6Al4V Powder Related Information :

Storage Conditions:

Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature.

Please contact us for customization and price inquiry

Email: [email protected]

Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters.

Overview of Ti6Al4V Powder

Ti6Al4V powder, also referred to as Grade 5 titanium alloy, is one of the most popular titanium alloy powders. It contains 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium as the key alloying elements along with the remainder titanium.

Spherical powder ti6al4v offers an exceptional combination of high strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and workability.

Key properties and advantages of Ti6Al4V powder:

Ti6Al4V Powder Properties and Characteristics

Properties	Details
Composition	Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Density	4.43 g/cc
Particle shape	Predominantly spherical
Size range	15-45 microns
Apparent density	Up to 60% of true density
Flowability	Good
Strength	High for a titanium alloy
Corrosion resistance	Excellent

Ti6Al4V is widely used across aerospace, medical, automotive, chemical, and consumer industries owing to its well-balanced property profile.

Ti6Al4V Powder Composition

Element	Weight %
Titanium	Balance
Aluminum	5.5-6.75%
Vanadium	3.5-4.5%
Oxygen	<0.2%
Carbon	<0.1%
Nitrogen	<0.05%
Hydrogen	<0.015%
Iron	<0.3%

Titanium forms the matrix providing strength and corrosion resistance

Aluminum stabilizes alpha phase and increases strength

Vanadium stabilizes beta phase and improves workability

Other elements limited as impurities

The optimized Ti-Al-V ratios provide an exceptional combination of strength, ductility, fracture toughness, and fatigue strength.

Ti6Al4V Powder Physical Properties

Property	Values
Density	4.43 g/cc
Melting point	1604-1660°C
Thermal conductivity	6.7 W/mK
Electrical resistivity	170 μΩ-cm
Coefficient of thermal expansion	8.4 x 10^-6 /K
Maximum service temperature	400°C

Low density compared to steels

High melting point enables use at moderately elevated temperatures

Low thermal conductivity requires design considerations

High electrical resistivity suitable for corrosion resistant fasteners

CTE lower than steels and nickel alloys

These properties make Ti6Al4V well suited for many lightweight structural applications across industries.

Ti6Al4V Powder Mechanical Properties

Property	Values
Tensile strength	950 – 1050 MPa
Yield strength	860 – 950 MPa
Elongation	10 – 18%
Hardness	330 – 380 HB
Modulus of elasticity	110 – 120 GPa
Fatigue strength	400 – 500 MPa

Excellent combination of high strength and reasonable ductility

Strength exceeds other titanium grades like commercially pure titanium

Hardness higher than unalloyed titanium

Outstanding fatigue life makes it suitable for cyclic loading applications

The properties make Ti6Al4V suitable for demanding applications requiring high specific strength and fatigue resistance.

Ti6Al4V powder is used widely across industries:

Ti6Al4V Powder Applications

Industry	Uses
Aerospace	Structural airframe parts, engine components
Biomedical	Orthopedic and dental implants
Automotive	Connecting rods, valves, springs
Chemical	Tanks, vessels, heat exchangers
Consumer	Sporting goods, watch cases, cellphone bodies
3D Printing	Aerospace and medical components

Some specific product applications include:

Bone plates, joint replacement implants

Airplane and helicopter structural components

Automotive engine valves and connecting rods

Chemical equipment like pipes, pumps, valves

Sporting goods including golf clubs and bicycle frames

Additive manufacturing of lightweight structures

Ti6Al4V provides the best strength-to-weight ratio and biocompatibility for critical structural parts across these demanding sectors.

Ti6Al4V Powder Applications in Metal 3D Printing

Ti6Al4V powder is a widely used material for metal 3D printing due to its exceptional mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance. It is particularly well-suited for applications in the aerospace, medical, and automotive industries. Here are some of the metal 3D printing methods that can utilize Ti6Al4V powder:

Selective Laser Melting (SLM): SLM is a powder bed fusion (PBF) technique that employs a high-power laser to selectively melt and fuse fine layers of Ti6Al4V powder. This method produces high-density, high-strength parts with complex geometries.
Electron Beam Melting (EBM): EBM is another PBF technique that utilizes a focused electron beam to melt Ti6Al4V powder. It is known for its ability to produce parts with excellent surface quality and fine features.
Directed Energy Deposition (DED): DED is an additive manufacturing process that deposits material through a nozzle while simultaneously melting it with a laser or electron beam. Ti6Al4V powder can be used in DED to create large-scale, near-net-shape components.
Binder Jetting (BJ): BJ is a PBF technique that uses a liquid binder to selectively adhere Ti6Al4V powder particles together. The unbound powder is then removed, leaving a pre-formed part that is sintered to achieve full density.

Additional Considerations:

The choice of 3D printing method for Ti6Al4V powder depends on the specific application requirements, such as part geometry, mechanical properties, and surface finish.

Each 3D printing method has its own advantages and limitations, and it is crucial to carefully evaluate these factors before selecting the most suitable technique.

Proper handling and storage of Ti6Al4V powder are essential to ensure the quality of 3D-printed parts and to minimize safety hazards.

Ti6Al4V powder continues to be a valuable material for metal 3D printing, enabling the fabrication of high-performance components for various industries. As 3D printing technologies advance, the applications of Ti6Al4V powder are expected to expand even further.

Ti6Al4V Powder Standards

Standard	Description
ASTM F2924	Additive manufacturing Ti6Al4V alloy
ASTM F3001	Specs for gas atomized Ti alloy powder for AM
AMS 4954	Composition limits of Ti-6Al-4V powder for additive manufacturing
ASTM B348	Specs for Ti and Ti alloy powders
ASTM F1472	Wrought Ti6Al4V alloy for surgical implants

These define:

Chemical composition ranges

Required mechanical properties

Powder production method – inert gas atomization

Impurity limits like O, N, C, Fe

Particle size distribution and morphology

Testing methods to verify powder quality

Certified Ti6Al4V powder meeting these specifications ensures optimal properties and performance for different applications across industries.

Ti6Al4V Powder Particle Sizes

Particle Size	Characteristics
15-45 microns	General purpose size range
45-100 microns	Optimized for cold spraying
5-25 microns	Finer sizes used in laser AM processes

Finer powder provides higher resolution and surface finish

Coarser powder suits high deposition rate methods like cold spraying

Size range tailored based on production method used

Spherical morphology maintained across size ranges

Controlling particle size distribution and morphology is critical for high powder packing density, flowability, and final part properties.

Ti6Al4V Powder Apparent Density

Apparent Density	Details
Up to 60% of true density	For spherical powder morphology
2.6 – 3.0 g/cc	Improves with greater packing density

Higher apparent density improves powder flowability and die filling efficiency

Values up to 65% are possible with optimized spherical powder

High apparent density minimizes press cycle time

Maximizing apparent density allows efficient automated powder pressing and sintering to full density.

Ti6Al4V Powder Production Method

Ti6Al4V Powder Production

VIGA (Vacuum Induction Inert Gas Atomization) Equipment

VIGA equipment has a wide range of applications, mainly for the production of high-performance iron-based, nickel-based, cobalt-based, aluminium-based, copper-based and other advanced alloy powder materials. It is widely used in aerospace, health, tooling, automobile, machinery, electronics, new energy and other fields and also suitable for additive manufacturing (3D printing), melting deposition, laser cladding, thermal spraying, powder metallurgy, hot isostatic pressing and other advanced manufacturing processes.

Method	Details
Gas atomization	High pressure inert gas breaks up molten alloy stream into fine droplets
Vacuum arc melting	High purity input materials refined and melted in vacuum
Multiple remelts	Improves chemical homogeneity
Sieving	Classifies powder into different particle size fractions

Gas atomization with inert gas produces clean, spherical powder

Vacuum processing minimizes gaseous impurities

Multiple remelts improve uniformity of composition

Post-processing allows particle size distribution control

Automated methods combined with stringent quality control result in reliable and consistent Ti6Al4V powder suitable for critical applications.

Ti6Al4V for industrial applications: $100-150 per kg

Significantly lower pricing applicable for bulk order quantities in the tons range.

Ti6Al4V Powder Handling and Storage

Recommendation	Reason
Avoid inhalation	Due to risk of lung tissue damage from fine particles
Use protective mask	Prevent accidental ingestion
Handle in ventilated areas	Reduce airborne particle suspension
Ensure no ignition sources	Powder can combust in oxygen atmosphere
Follow anti-static protocols	Prevent fire from static discharge while handling
Store sealed containers in cool, dry area	Prevent moisture pickup and reactivity

Although Ti6Al4V powder is relatively inert, recommended precautions should be taken during handling and storage to preserve purity.

Ti6Al4V Powder Inspection and Testing

Test	Details
Chemical analysis	ICP spectroscopy used to verify composition
Particle size distribution	Laser diffraction used to determine size distribution
Apparent density	Measured using Hall flowmeter as per ASTM B212
Powder morphology	SEM imaging to check particle sphericity
Flow rate analysis	Using Hall flowmeter funnel
Tap density test	Density measured after mechanically tapping powder sample

Testing ensures the powder meets the required chemical composition, physical characteristics, morphology, density, and flow specifications per applicable standards.

Ti6Al4V Powder Pros and Cons

Advantages of Ti6Al4V Powder

Excellent strength-to-weight ratio

High fatigue strength and fracture toughness

Outstanding corrosion resistance

Good ductility and formability

High biocompatibility for medical uses

Cost-effective compared to other titanium alloys

Limitations of Ti6Al4V Powder

Moderate high temperature oxidation resistance

Lower strength than some titanium alloys

High reactivity requires inert processing atmosphere

Difficult to machine in fully sintered state

Limitations in welding the alloy

Toxicity concerns about vanadium element

Comparison With Ti64 and Ti Grade 2 Powders

Ti6Al4V vs. Ti64 and Grade 2 Powder

Parameter	Ti6Al4V	Ti64	Ti Grade 2
Aluminum	6%	6%	–
Vanadium	4%	4%	–
Strength	950-1050 MPa	950-1050 MPa	420-550 MPa
Ductility	10-18%	10-18%	15-30%
Cost	Moderate	Moderate	Low
Uses	Aerospace, medical	Aerospace, automotive	Industrial, consumer

Ti6Al4V and Ti64 have virtually identical properties

Grade 2 Ti provides better ductility but lower strength

Ti6Al4V preferred for critical structural parts needing high strength

Ti6Al4V Powder FAQs

Q: What are the main applications of Ti6Al4V powder?

A: The main applications include aerospace structural components, biomedical implants like hip and knee joints, automotive parts like valves and connecting rods, chemical process equipment, and consumer products like sports equipment and watch cases.

Q: Why is Ti6Al4V the most popular titanium alloy?

A: Ti6Al4V provides the best all-round combination of high strength, low density, fracture toughness, corrosion resistance, bio-compatibility, weldability, and moderate cost.

Q: What precautions should be taken when working with Ti6Al4V powder?

A: Recommended precautions include using protective gear, handling in inert atmosphere, avoiding ignition sources, controlling static charges, using non-sparking tools, and storing sealed containers in a cool, dry place.

Q: How does vanadium affect the properties of Ti6Al4V alloy?

A: Vanadium acts as a beta stabilizer which improves workability. It also contributes to precipitation hardening which imparts strength and high temperature creep resistance to the alloy.

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Category: Titanium Based Alloy Powder

Description

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Note: For pricing & ordering information, please get in touch with us at [email protected]
Please contact us for quotes on Larger Quantities and customization. E-mail: [email protected]

Customization:
If you are planning to order large quantities for your industrial and academic needs, please note that customization of parameters (such as size, length, purity, functionalities, etc.) is available upon request.

NOTE:
Images, pictures, colors, particle sizes, purity, packing, descriptions, and specifications for the real and actual goods may differ. These are only used on the website for the purposes of reference, advertising, and portrayal. Please contact us via email at [email protected] or by phone at (+1 780 612 4177) if you have any

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CPTi Powder

Product	CPTi Powder
CAS No.	12083-20-1
Appearance	White -Silvery Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Cp-Ti
Density	4.51g/cm3
Molecular Weight	41.86g/mol
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-312/25

CPTi Description:

CPTi Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

CPTi Powder Related Information :

Properties	Details
Composition	99.5% minimum Titanium. Low O, C, N, H, Fe impurities
Density	4.5 g/cc
Flowability	Excellent due to spherical morphology
Sinterability	Excellent, achieves near full density
Particle shape	Predominantly spherical
Particle size range	15-150 microns
Apparent density	2.7-3.2 g/cc
Purity	Up to 99.995% Ti content
Impurities	Low oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, iron
Color	Dark gray with metallic luster

CPTi Powder Key Advantages High purity improves performance and biocompatibility Spherical powder morphology provides good flow and packing Widely used for additive manufacturing, metal injection molding Corrosion resistance superior to stainless steel in many environments High strength-to-weight ratio Non-toxic and non-allergenic Can be alloyed to modify properties like strength Cost-effective compared to wrought titanium CPTi powder is an excellent choice for parts and products requiring the optimum combination of strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, and biocompatibility. It is used for diverse applications in aerospace, medical, automotive, chemical, and consumer industries. CPTi Powder Composition and Purity Grades CPTi powder composition has a minimum of 99.5% titanium content. The impurity levels of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and iron are carefully controlled. Higher purity grades up to 99.995% Ti are also produced.

Element	Weight %
Titanium	99.5% min
Oxygen	0.08% – 0.40%
Carbon	0.03% – 0.08%
Nitrogen	0.01% – 0.05%
Hydrogen	0.005% – 0.015%
Iron	0.05% – 0.25%

These impurity levels result in retainment of high strength and corrosion resistance associated with titanium metal. Specific alloying additions can also be made to modify properties like strength. CPTi powder is available in different purity grades depending on requirements: CPTi Purity Grades

Grade	Purity	Particle Size	Applications
CPTi Grade 1	99.5% min	Medium, large	General use
CPTi Grade 2	99.9%	Fine, medium	Aerospace, medical
CPTi Grade 3	99.95%	Fine	Medical, dental
CPTi Grade 4	99.99%	Ultrafine	Implants, high purity uses

Higher purity reduces risk of toxicity, improves biocompatibility for medical uses. It also improves performance in high temperature applications. However, higher purity increases cost. So suitable grade is selected based on balanced trade-off for intended application. CPTi Powder Physical Properties Key physical properties of CPTi powder which influence its processing and performance:

Properties	Values
Density	4.5 g/cc
Melting point	1668°C
Thermal conductivity	21.9 W/mK
Electrical resistivity	53.8 ohm-cm
Young’s modulus	107 GPa
Poisson’s ratio	0.33
Mohs hardness	6
Oxidation resistance	Up to 590°C in air

Density is quite low compared to other metals providing high strength-to-weight ratio Melting point is moderately high allowing use for elevated temperature applications Thermal conductivity is lower than other metals like aluminum or copper Electrical resistivity is relatively high making it suitable for corrosion resistant fasteners and connectors Hardness is similar to other titanium alloys but lower than high hardness metals Oxidation resistance improves with higher purity levels These properties make CPTi suitable for lightweight structural parts needing high mechanical performance and corrosion resistance. CPTi Powder Mechanical Properties Mechanical properties represent the strength, hardness, and workability of the material. Important mechanical properties:

Properties	Values
Tensile strength	420 – 550 MPa
Yield strength	380 – 470 MPa
Elongation	15 – 30%
Hardness	200-240 HV
Fatigue strength	200-300 MPa

Tensile and yield strength are moderately high while elongation is reasonable Fatigue strength is excellent compared to other competing materials Hardness is similar or slightly lower than titanium alloys Properties depend on factors like purity, porosity, processing method Alloying with elements like Al, V, Mo can significantly increase the strength The combination of good strength, ductility, fatigue life, and hardness provides balanced mechanical performance. CPTi matches or exceeds the properties of stainless steels at a lower density. It offers the optimum trade-off between high strength and moderate ductility. CPTi Powder Applications

Industry	Application Examples
Aerospace	Engine components, airframe parts, fasteners
Medical	Implants, prosthetics, instruments
Automotive	Valves, connecting rods, springs
Chemical	Pumps, valves, tanks, pipes
3D printing	Aerospace and medical components
Metal injection molding	Dental instruments, hardware
Investment casting	Turbine blades, golf club heads

Some specific product applications include: Orthopedic and dental implants Surgical instruments and bio-implants Lightweight automotive engine parts like connecting rods Aerospace hydraulic tubing and components like bushings Food/chemical industry valves, pumps, pipes Watch cases, jewelry Sporting goods like golf clubs, bicycle frames Additive manufacturing of aerospace and medical parts The non-toxic property allows use in products which come in contact with food, pharmaceuticals, and biological fluids. Overall, CPTi powder provides the best balance of properties for lightweight structural parts across multiple industries. CPTi Powder Specifications Industrial specifications and standards are used to evaluate CPTi powder quality and to ensure performance consistency: CPTi Powder Standards

Standard	Description
ASTM B348	Standard specification for titanium and titanium alloy powders
ASTM F67	Standard specification for unalloyed titanium bars for surgical implants
ISO 5832-2	Implant grade wrought titanium materials

These standards specify requirements for: Chemical composition – percentages of titanium and impurity levels Physical properties like particle size distribution, flow rate, density Mechanical properties like tensile and yield strength Production method like argon gas atomization Quality assurance through sampling, testing and inspection Packaging and identification requirement Reputable CPTi powder manufacturers produce material per ASTM standards and provide certification of compliance for critical applications. CPTi Powder Particle Sizes

Particle size	Typical size range	Applications
Fine	1-25 microns	Investment casting, MIM
Medium	25-45 microns	Press and sinter, HIP
Coarse	45-150 microns	Thermal and cold spraying

Fine powder provides high sintered density and surface finish Coarse powder has better flowability and is used for thermal spraying Medium size range offers a balance suitable for press-and-sinter Size distribution is optimized based on final part properties needed Spherical morphology is maintained across all size ranges Controlling particle size distribution and morphology is critical to achieve high powder packing density and sintered part quality. CPTi Powder Apparent Density

Apparent Density	Characteristics
2.7 – 3.0 g/cc	Unalloyed CPTi powder
3.0 – 3.2 g/cc	Alloyed CPTi powder
Up to 50% of true density	Due to voids between particles

Higher apparent density improves powder flow and compressibility Alloying elements like Al, V increase particle density Values up to 60% are possible with optimized powder High apparent density reduces press cycle time and improves part quality Maximizing apparent density allows efficient powder pressing and sintering to full density. It improves manufacturing productivity. CPTi Powder Production

Method	Details
Gas atomization	High pressure argon gas disintegrates molten Ti stream into fine droplets, which solidify into spherical powder
Vacuum arc melting	High purity Ti input stock is refined to reduce gaseous impurities like O, N, H
Multiple melting	Ensures chemical homogeneity of raw material
Sieving	Classifies powder into different particle size distributions
Blending	Powders with different particle sizes are mixed in optimized ratios

Gas atomization enables large scale production of spherical CPTi powder Multiple steps produce high purity powder with controlled size and morphology Argon gas prevents contamination during atomization Post-processing provides customized powder grades for clients Highly automated equipment allows efficient CPTi powder production with tight control over all attributes like purity, particle size distribution, morphology, and apparent density. CPTi Powder Handling

Recommendation	Reason
Avoid inhalation	Due to small particle size
Use protective masks	Prevent ingestion through nose/mouth
Conduct handling in ventilated areas	Reduce airborne powder circulation
Use hazmat suits in large operations	Minimize skin contact
Ensure no ignition sources nearby	Powder can combust in oxygen atmosphere
Follow anti-static protocols	Prevent accidental fire due to buildup of static charge
Use non-sparking tools	Avoids possibility of ignition during handling
Store sealed containers in cool, dry area	Prevents moisture pickup and reactivity

Although CPTi powder is relatively inert compared to reactive metal powders, following precautions is necessary to mitigate safety and fire risks. CPTi Powder Testing

Test	Details
Chemistry analysis	ICP spectroscopy verifies elemental composition
Particle size distribution	Sieve analysis determines size distribution
Apparent density	Measured as per ASTM B212 standard
Powder morphology	Scanning electron microscopy verifies spherical shape
Flow rate	Time taken for fixed powder quantity to flow through defined nozzle
Tap density	Density measured after mechanically tapping powder sample
Compressibility	Monitoring of powder bed density change during compression

Rigorous testing protocols ensure reliable and consistent high performance of CPTi powder for critical applications. CPTi Powder Storage

Factor	Effect
Air, oxygen	Moderate oxidation risk above 500°C
Moisture	Low corrosion rate at room temperature
Hydrocarbons	Risk of fire if allowed to contaminate powder
Acids, bases	Low corrosion rates in neutral solutions
Organic solvents	Some absorption and discoloration if immersed
Elevated temperatures	Increased reactivity with oxygen and nitrogen

Recommendations: Store in sealed inert gas filled containers Keep below 30°C temperature Open containers only in dry, controlled environments Limit contact with oxidizing acids and chlorinated hydrocarbons With proper precautions during storage and handling, CPTi powder exhibits excellent stability and low reactivity. Comparison With Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Powder Ti-6Al-4V is a popular alpha-beta titanium alloy powder. Comparison with CPTi: CPTi vs Ti-6Al-4V Powder

Parameter	CPTi Powder	Ti-6Al-4V Powder
Density	4.5 g/cc	4.42 g/cc
Tensile strength	420 – 550 MPa	950 – 1050 MPa
Ductility	15 – 30%	10 – 18%
Fatigue strength	200 – 300 MPa	500 – 600 MPa
Corrosion resistance	Excellent	Moderate
Oxidation resistance	Excellent	Good
Cost	Low	Moderate
Toxicity	None	Low
Uses	Low temperature applications, prosthetics	Aerospace components, automotive parts

CPTi provides better ductility and oxidation resistance Ti-6Al-4V is stronger with higher fatigue strength CPTi has better bio-compatibility and corrosion resistance Ti-6Al-4V provides higher strength-to-weight ratio CPTi is more cost effective while Ti-6Al-4V offers higher performance CPTi Powder Pros and Cons Advantages of CPTi Powder: Excellent corrosion resistance High strength-to-weight ratio Good ductility and fracture toughness Non-toxic and biocompatible Non-magnetic and thermally stable Cost-effective compared to titanium alloys Can be alloyed to enhance properties Suitable for diverse applications across industries Limitations of CPTi Powder: Relatively expensive compared to iron/steel powders Lower strength than titanium alloys Moderate high temperature oxidation resistance Requires protective atmospheres during processing Susceptible to galling and seizure in sliding contact Harder to machine compared to steels and aluminum alloys CPTi Powder FAQs Q: What are the main advantages of CPTi powder? A: The main advantages are high strength, low density, excellent corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, thermal stability and cost-effectiveness. Q: What are the typical applications of CPTi powder? A: Major applications are orthopedic implants, dental implants, aerospace components, automotive parts, sporting goods, jewelry, chemical equipment, and medical devices. Q: What are the differences between various CPTi powder grades? A: Higher purity powder grades (grade 3 and 4) are used for medical implants and high performance applications. Lower grades provide adequate properties at lower cost for industrial uses.

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$PREF Refractory Titanium Alloy Powder$

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PREF Refractory Titanium Alloy Powder

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PREF Refractory Titanium Alloy Powder

Product	PREF Refractory Titanium Alloy Powder
CAS No.	7440-32-6
Appearance	Grey Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	TiTaNbZr
Density	2.53g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-313/25

PREF Refractory Titanium Alloy Description:

PREF Refractory Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

PREF Refractory Powder Related Information :

Element	Weight %	Purpose
Titanium	Balance	Principal matrix element
Aluminum	5 – 7	Solid solution strengthener
Tin	1 – 3	Solid solution strengthener
Zirconium	0.5 – 2	Grain structure control
Molybdenum	1 – 3	Solid solution strengthener
Silicon	0.5 – 1.5	Oxidation resistance
Niobium	1 – 3	Carbide former
Tantalum	1 – 3	Carbide former

Trace amounts of boron and carbon are also added for grain boundary strengthening. Properties of PREP Titanium Alloy Powder PREP alloy exhibits an exceptional combination of properties:

Property	Description
High strength	Excellent tensile and creep strength up to 700°C
Fatigue resistance	High fatigue life at elevated temperatures
Fracture toughness	Up to 100 MPa-√m
Oxidation resistance	Forms protective oxide scale
Thermal stability	Microstructural stability after prolonged exposures
Damage tolerance	Resistant to crack growth
Biocompatibility	Non-toxic and non-allergenic

The properties enable lightweight components for demanding applications. Typical AM process parameters include:

Parameter	Typical Value	Purpose
Layer height	30-50 μm	Resolution versus build speed
Laser power	150-500 W	Sufficient melting without evaporation
Scan speed	750-1500 mm/s	Density versus production rate
Hatch spacing	80-120 μm	Mechanical properties
Hot isostatic pressing	900°C, 100 MPa, 3 hrs	Eliminate internal voids

Applications of 3D Printed PREP Titanium Parts

Industry	Components
Aerospace	Turbine blades, compressor parts, mounts
Automotive	Connecting rods, valves, turbocharger wheels
Medical	Orthopedic implants, surgical tools
Chemical	Pumps, valves, reaction vessels
Power generation	Hot gas path components

Benefits over wrought equivalents include complex geometries and accelerated development. Specifications of PREP Titanium Powder for AM PREP alloy powder must meet strict specifications:

Parameter	Specification
Particle size range	15-45 μm typical
Particle shape	Spherical morphology
Apparent density	>2.5 g/cc
Tap density	>4.5 g/cc
Hall flow rate	>35 sec for 50 g
Purity	>99.95%
Oxygen content	<1000 ppm

Custom size distributions and controlled oxygen levels available. Handling and Storage of PREP Titanium Powder As a reactive material, careful handling of PREP alloy powder is essential: Store sealed containers under inert gas like argon Prevent exposure to air and moisture during handling Use properly grounded equipment Avoid dust accumulation to minimize explosion risk Local exhaust ventilation recommended Wear appropriate PPE and avoid inhalation Proper techniques and controls prevent powder oxidation. Inspection and Testing of PREP Titanium Powder PREP alloy powder batches are validated using:

Method	Parameters Tested
Sieve analysis	Particle size distribution
SEM imaging	Particle morphology
EDX	Chemistry/composition
XRD	Phases present
Pycnometry	Density
Hall flow rate	Powder flowability

Testing per ASTM standards ensures batch-to-batch consistency. Comparing PREP Alloy to Alternative Titanium Powders PREP alloy compares to other titanium materials as:

Alloy	Strength	Oxidation Resistance	Cost	Printability
PREP	Excellent	Excellent	High	Good
Ti64	Good	Good	Medium	Fair
Ti6242	Excellent	Good	High	Fair
CP-Ti	Low	Excellent	Low	Excellent

PREP provides the best all-round properties but at higher cost than workhorse alloys like Ti64. Pros and Cons of PREP Titanium Powder for AM

Pros	Cons
Outstanding high temperature strength	Expensive compared to Ti64 and CP-Ti
Excellent thermomechanical fatigue resistance	Higher density than other titanium alloys
Complex geometries feasible	Controlled atmosphere handling mandatory
Lower anisotropy than Ti64 and CP-Ti	Processing very technique sensitive
Matching properties to PREP wrought forms	Limited suppliers and alloy variants

PREP enables exceptional performance additive manufacturing but requires very rigorous control of process conditions. Frequently Asked Questions about PREP Titanium Alloy Powder Q: What is PREP titanium alloy used for in AM? A: PREP alloy is used to 3D print lightweight aerospace and automotive components needing extremely high mechanical properties at temperatures up to 700°C. Q: What particle size is recommended for printing PREP titanium alloy? A: A powder size range of 15-45 microns provides a good balance of flowability, high resolution, and dense printed parts. Q: Does PREP titanium require hot isostatic pressing after AM? A: HIP is recommended to eliminate internal voids, maximize fatigue resistance and achieve full density. It may not be mandatory for non-critical applications. Q: What material has properties closest to PREP titanium alloy? A: Ti-6Al-4V has comparable density and good high temperature strength, but lower oxidation resistance compared to PREP alloys. Q: What benefits does PREP alloy offer over Ti-6Al-4V in AM? A: Key advantages are higher tensile and fatigue strength up to 700°C along with significantly better creep and thermo-mechanical fatigue resistance. Q: What precision can be obtained with PREP titanium printed parts? A: After post-processing, printed PREP components can achieve dimensional tolerances and surface finish comparable to CNC machined titanium parts. Q: What defects can occur when printing PREP titanium alloy? A: Potential defects are cracking, distortion, porosity, incomplete fusion, and surface roughness. Most can be minimized through optimized parameters. Q: Can support structures be easily removed from PREP titanium AM parts? A: Properly designed minimal supports are readily detachable after printing due to excellent mechanical properties of PREP alloys. Q: What type of post-processing is typically done on PREP titanium components? A: Hot isostatic pressing, heat treatment, abrasive flow machining, CNC machining, and electropolishing are commonly used post-processes. Q: What is the key difference between Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5 and Grade 23? A: Grade 5 has higher oxygen content for better powder flowability while Grade 23 has lower oxygen for superior fracture toughness and fatigue resistance.

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Pure Titanium Powder

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Pure Titanium Powder

Product	Pure Titanium Powder
CAS No.	7440-32-6
Appearance	Silvery Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Ti
Density	4.54g/cm3
Molecular Weight	47.86g/mol
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-314/25

Pure Titanium Description:

Pure Titanium Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

Pure Titanium Powder Related Information :

Composition	Details
Pure Titanium	Contains >99% titanium. Lowest strength but excellent corrosion resistance.
Ti-6Al-4V	6% aluminum, 4% vanadium. Most common titanium alloy with high strength.
Ti-3Al-2.5V	3% aluminum, 2.5% vanadium. Higher ductility than Ti-6Al-4V.
Ti-6Al-7Nb	6% aluminum, 7% niobium. Higher strength for aerospace applications.
Ti-15Mo-3Nb-3Al-0.2Si	15% molybdenum, 3% niobium, 3% aluminum, 0.2% silicon. Beta titanium alloy.

Titanium powder can also be blended with other elemental powders like iron, aluminum, or boron to create customized alloys.Properties of Titanium Powder The unique properties of titanium make it suitable for demanding applications across industries.

Property	Description
High strength	Has excellent strength-to-density ratio, close to high strength steels.
Low density	Weighs 60% less than steel or nickel alloys.
Corrosion resistance	Forms stable TiO2 oxide film for corrosion protection.
Biocompatibility	Non-toxic and compatible with human body tissues.
Heat resistance	Maintains mechanical properties up to 600°C.
Non-magnetic	Useful for non-magnetic applications.
Non-sparking	Safer for flammable environments compared to steel.

The properties can be tuned by changing the composition, grain size, porosity, and processing method. Applications of Titanium Powder The versatile properties of titanium powder enable unique applications in the following industries:

Industry	Applications
Aerospace	Engine components, aircraft structures, space vehicles
Medical	Implants, surgical instruments, medical devices
Automotive	Connecting rods, valves, springs, fasteners
Chemical	Corrosion resistant vessels, heat exchangers, pipes
Sporting goods	Golf clubs, tennis rackets, bicycles, helmets
Additive manufacturing	Aerospace, automotive, and medical 3D printed parts

Titanium’s biocompatibility makes it ideal for implants and medical devices. Its corrosion resistance suits it for seawater applications. The high strength is useful for critical components in aerospace. Specifications of Titanium Powder Titanium powder is available in different size ranges, shapes, purity levels, and composition to suit specific applications.

Parameter	Specifications
Particle sizes	15-45 microns, 45-105 microns, 105-250 microns
Particle shape	Spherical, angular, mixed morphology
Purity	Grade 1 (99.2% Ti), Grade 2 (99.5% Ti), Grade 4 (99.9% Ti)
Alloy grades	Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-64, Ti-1023
Production method	Gas atomization, plasma atomization, hydride-dehydride

The particle size distribution, morphology, oxygen/nitrogen content, and microstructure are controlled as per application requirements. Handling and Storage of Titanium Powder Special precautions are needed when handling titanium powder to prevent fires, explosions, and property damage: Store in cool, dry, inert environments away from moisture, sparks, and flames Use conductive containers grounded to prevent static charge buildup Local exhaust ventilation is recommended to control dust Avoid dust accumulation to minimize explosion hazard Wear dust masks, safety goggles, gloves to prevent inhalation and skin contact Follow material safety data sheet (MSDS) instructions for safe handling Inspection and Testing of Titanium Powder Titanium powder batches are tested to ensure they meet the required material specifications:

Test Method	Parameter Measured
Sieve analysis	Particle size distribution
Laser diffraction	Particle size distribution, mean size
Scanning electron microscopy	Particle morphology, microstructure
Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	Chemical composition
X-ray diffraction	Phase composition
Spectrophotometry	Oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen content
Tap density	Apparent density, flowability
Pycnometer	Skeletal density

Sampling and testing as per ASTM standards ensures titanium powder quality for critical applications. Comparing Titanium Powder to Alternatives Titanium has advantages and disadvantages compared to substitute materials:

	Titanium	Aluminum	Stainless Steel
Density	Low	Lower	Higher
Strength	High	Medium	High
Corrosion resistance	Excellent	Good	Good
Temperature resistance	Good	Medium	Better
Cost	High	Low	Medium
Magnetic permeability	Low	Low	High
Biocompatibility	Excellent	Poor	Good

Titanium stands out for its corrosion resistance and biocompatibility despite its higher cost. Aluminum and stainless steel may be cheaper alternatives depending on application requirements. Pros and Cons of Titanium Powder

Pros	Cons
High strength-to-weight ratio	Expensive compared to steels
Corrosion resistant	Reactivity with oxygen at high temperatures
Non-toxic and non-allergenic	Low elastic modulus can mean springback in machining
Excellent biocompatibility	Low thermal conductivity
Retains properties at high temperatures	Requires inert atmosphere processing
Wide range of alloying possibilities	Limited high temperature strength

Titanium powder enables lightweight, strong parts but requires controlled handling and processing. Cost is higher than conventional alloys. Frequently Asked Questions about Titanium Powder Here are answers to some common questions about titanium powder: Q: What is titanium powder used for? A: Titanium powder has uses across aerospace, medical, automotive, chemical, and sporting goods due to its high strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and biocompatibility. It is commonly used for critical rotating parts in aircraft engines, orthopedic implants, automotive components, heat exchangers, and additively manufactured parts. Q: Is titanium powder safe to handle? A: Titanium powder can ignite and explode when very finely divided and exposed to air. Proper grounding, inert atmosphere, ventilation, and protective equipment are essential when handling titanium powder. It is also non-toxic and hypoallergenic on skin contact. Q: What is the difference between Grade 1 and Grade 5 titanium powder? A: Grade 1 titanium powder has higher purity with lower oxygen and iron content compared to Grade 5. Grade 1 provides better corrosion resistance while Grade 5 offers higher strength. Grade 5 powder would be used where strength is critical while Grade 1 suits chemical resistance needs. Q: Does titanium powder rust? A: Titanium forms an impervious and self-repairing oxide layer that protects it from rusting and corrosion. It exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in most environments including saltwater. This property makes it suitable for marine applications. Q: Is titanium powder magnetic? A: No, titanium powder is non-magnetic. Its relative magnetic permeability is very close to 1 which makes it useful for non-magnetic applications instead of ferritic steels. Q: What is the cost of titanium powder? A: Titanium powder can range from $50/kg to $500/kg depending on purity, particle size, production method, morphology, and order volume. High purity grades suitable for medical use are more expensive. Custom alloys and special particle shapes also cost more. Q: What is the difference between gas atomized and hydride-dehydride titanium powder? A: Gas atomized titanium powder has a spherical morphology ideal for additive manufacturing while hydride-dehydride powder has an angular, irregular shape suited for pressing-and-sintering. The powder properties, surface chemistry, microstructure and cost differ for the two production methods. Q: How is titanium powder produced? A: The main production methods are gas atomization, plasma atomization, and hydride-dehydride process. Gas atomization using argon or nitrogen gas is a common method to produce fine spherical powder for AM. The hydride process generates angular powder for pressing into shapes before sintering. Plasma atomization can produce very fine spherical powders. Q: What are the contents of a titanium powder material safety data sheet (MSDS)? A: The MSDS will have health hazard information, reactivity data, toxicological data, handling precautions, storage information, spill procedures, firefighting instructions, first aid measures, and disposal guidelines. It is critical to review the MSDS before working with any amount of titanium powder. Q: What standards apply to titanium powder? A: Key standards include ASTM B833 for spherical titanium powder, ASTM B981 for titanium alloys for powder metallurgy, ASTM B988 for gas atomized titanium alloy powder, and ISO 22068 for additive manufacturing with titanium alloys. The specifications cover sampling, testing, size analysis, chemical analysis, and quality assurance.

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TC11 Powder

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TC11 Powder

Product	TC11 Powder
CAS No.	N/A
Appearance	Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Ti-Al-Mo-Zr-Si
Density	2.1g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-316/25

TC11 Description:

TC11 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

TC11 Powder Related Information :

Storage Conditions: Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. Please contact us for customization and price inquiry Email: [email protected] Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters. TC11 Powder : A Comprehensive Guide TC11 powder, also known as Titanium Carbide 11, is a cutting-edge material with remarkable properties. It is composed of titanium and carbon atoms, resulting in a high-strength, lightweight powder that exhibits excellent wear resistance and thermal stability. What Is TC11 Powder? TC11 powder, also known as Titanium Carbide 11, is a cutting-edge material with remarkable properties. It is composed of titanium and carbon atoms, resulting in a high-strength, lightweight powder that exhibits excellent wear resistance and thermal stability. Properties Of TC11 Powder TC11 powder possesses several noteworthy properties that make it an ideal choice for various applications. Some key properties of TC11 powder include: High hardness and wear resistance Excellent thermal stability Low density Good electrical conductivity Chemical inertness Advantages And Benefits Of TC11 Powder The utilization of TC11 powder brings forth numerous advantages and benefits. These include: Enhanced mechanical properties Extended lifespan of components Reduced weight and improved fuel efficiency Increased resistance to high temperatures Enhanced electrical conductivity Superior corrosion resistance Applications Of TC11 Powder The versatility of TC11 powder allows for its utilization in a wide range of industries. Some notable applications of TC11 powder are: The Role Of TC11 Powder In Aerospace Industry In the aerospace industry, TC11 powder finds extensive use in manufacturing lightweight components for aircraft and spacecraft. Its high strength, low density, and exceptional thermal stability make it an excellent choice for producing turbine blades, engine components, and structural parts. TC11 Powder In Automotive Manufacturing The automotive industry can benefit greatly from TC11 powder. By incorporating TC11 powder in the manufacturing process, automakers can create lighter and more fuel-efficient vehicles. TC11 powder is used in producing engine parts, exhaust systems, and suspension components. TC11 Powder In Medical Applications TC11 powder has found its way into the medical field due to its biocompatibility and excellent wear resistance. It is used in orthopedic implants, dental prosthetics, and surgical instruments. The use of TC11 powder ensures long-lasting and reliable medical devices. TC11 Powder In Electronics And Gadgets The electrical conductivity and thermal stability of TC11 powder make it highly suitable for electronics and gadget manufacturing. It is used in the production of circuit boards, heat sinks, and various electronic components. TC11 Powder In Sports And Recreation In sports and recreation, TC11 powder plays a significant role. It is used in the manufacturing of sports equipment such as golf clubs, tennis rackets, and bicycle frames. The lightweight and durable nature of TC11 powder make it an excellent choice for performance-driven applications. TC11 Powder In Defense And Military TC11 powder has garnered interest in the defense and military sectors. It is used in the production of armor plates, ballistic vests, and protective gear. TC11 powder provides enhanced protection while ensuring lightweight and agile equipment. How To Choose The Right TC11 Powder Supplier When selecting a TC11 powder supplier, it is crucial to consider certain factors. Look for a supplier that offers high-quality TC11 powder, adheres to industry standards, provides technical support, and has a reliable track record. Safety Considerations And Handling Of TC11 Powder While TC11 powder offers numerous benefits, proper safety precautions must be followed during handling and processing. It is important to wear appropriate protective gear, ensure adequate ventilation, and follow the recommended guidelines provided by the manufacturer. Future Prospects And Development Of TC11 Powder As technology advances, the development of TC11 powder continues to progress. Researchers are exploring new manufacturing techniques and optimizing its properties for even broader applications. The future of TC11 powder holds immense potential in revolutionizing various industries. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) What are the main characteristics of TC11 powder?TC11 powder possesses high hardness, wear resistance, low density, good electrical conductivity, and chemical inertness. Is TC11 powder suitable for high-temperature applications?Yes, TC11 powder exhibits excellent thermal stability, making it suitable for high-temperature environments. Can TC11 powder be used in additive manufacturing?Absolutely, TC11 powder can be used in additive manufacturing processes like 3D printing to create intricate and customized components. Are there any health risks associated with TC11 powder?When handled and processed following proper safety guidelines, TC11 powder poses minimal health risks. It is important to take necessary precautions during handling and use. Where can I purchase TC11 powder?You can find TC11 powder from reputable suppliers and distributors. Visit our website here to access reliable sources for TC11 powder.

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TC4 ELI Powder

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TC4 ELI Powder

Product	TC4 ELI Powder
CAS No.	7440-32-6
Appearance	Fine Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Ti-Al-V
Density	4.43g/mol
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-318/25

TC4 ELI Description:

TC4 ELI Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

TC4 ELI Powder Related Information :

Property	Description
Composition	6% Al, 4% V, 0.08% max Fe, 0.13% max O
Density	4.43 g/cc
Melting Point	1604°C
Strength	895-930 MPa ultimate tensile strength
Ductility	10-15% elongation
Fatigue Strength	500-550 MPa
Young’s Modulus	110 GPa
Thermal Conductivity	6.7 W/m-K
Electrical Resistivity	178 μΩ-cm
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion	8.9 μm/m-°C

TC4 ELI provides an optimal balance of high strength-to-weight ratio, fracture toughness, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance. The high aluminum and vanadium content contributes to achieving high strength through solid solution strengthening and precipitation hardening heat treatments. The low interstitial levels ensure improved ductility and fracture toughness compared to standard TC4 grade. Oxygen is limited to 0.13% max to avoid embrittlement. Iron content is also restricted. Overall, the properties of TC4 ELI make it suitable for critical applications across aviation, space, defense, motorsports, medicine, oil and gas, and more. Applications and Uses of TC4 ELI Powder TC4 ELI powder is used to manufacture high-performance parts via additive manufacturing, metal injection molding, hot isostatic pressing, and other powder metallurgy techniques. Some of the key applications and uses of TC4 ELI powder include: Applications of TC4 ELI Powder

Area	Applications
Aerospace	Aircraft structures, engine components, space launch systems
Implants	Orthopedic implants, dental implants, maxillofacial implants
Automotive	Motorsports components, turbocharger wheels
Industrial	Marine hardware, offshore drilling parts, valves, pumps
Energy	Wellhead components, downhole tools, pipelines
Defense	Ballistic armor, weapon components, protective gear

In aerospace, TC4 ELI’s high strength-to-weight ratio makes it suitable for flight-critical static and rotating components in airframes, turbines, landing gear etc. Parts can be 3D printed or sintered to near-net shape. In medical, the biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of TC4 ELI allow its use for orthopedic joint replacements and dental implants. Hip stems, knee implants, and cranial plates can be manufactured. For motorsports, TC4 ELI can produce lighter and stronger components like connecting rods, intake valves, turbocharger wheels, drive shafts, and chassis parts. In oil and gas applications, TC4 ELI is chosen for its resistance to corrosive environments. It can produce wellhead hardware, valves, pumps, and consumables like sleeves, plugs, balls, and seats. The defense sector utilizes TC4 ELI to manufacture ballistic armor plates that stop bullets and shrapnel while minimizing weight. Other military uses include aviation parts and weapon components like barrels, receivers, rails, triggers etc. Overall, TC4 ELI powder enables lightweight, high-performance metal parts across safety-critical industries by leveraging the latest manufacturing techniques. Specifications of TC4 ELI Powder TC4 ELI powder is commercially available in various size distributions, also known as particle size ranges. The powder morphology can be spherical, angular, or a blend. Typical specifications of TC4 ELI powder include: TC4 ELI Powder Specifications

Parameter	Details
Particle Size Range	15-45 microns, 45-105 microns, 105-250 microns
Particle Shape	Spherical, angular, blended
Size Distribution	D10, D50, D90 values
Apparent Density	2.5-3.5 g/cc
Tap Density	3.5-4.5 g/cc
Flow Rate	Hall flowmeter measurement
Chemical Analysis	Al, V, Fe, O, N, C, H, Ti
Lot Number	For traceability
Packaging	Vials, jars up to 25 kg

Finer particle size distributions from 15-45 microns are preferred for printing complex geometries and achieving smooth surface finishes. Larger sizes over 100 microns allow faster build rates. Spherical powders improve flowability, packing density, and sintering behavior. Angular and blended powders offer better mechanical adhesion between particles. Apparent and tap density determine the quantity of powder required to fill a given volume. Flow rates indicate ease of dispensing during printing or injection molding. Chemical analysis confirms that elemental composition meets grade specifications. Lot numbers provide traceability for quality control. Appropriate packaging maintains powder integrity during handling and storage. Grades of TC4 ELI Powder TC4 ELI powder is produced in different grades by varying the post-processing method after gas atomization. This affects the microstructure and mechanical properties. The main grades include: TC4 ELI Powder Grades

Grade	Description
As-atomized	No post-processing after gas atomization
Annealed	Heat treated to relieve residual stresses
Hot isostatic pressed	Consolidated at high temperature and pressure
Plasma sintered	Rapidly sintered using plasma discharge
ISO-S	Spherical powder made by gas atomization

As-atomized grade contains residual stresses from the rapid solidification. Annealing eliminates these stresses and makes the powder easier to work with during printing or molding. Hipping and plasma sintering increase the density and improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of the final parts. Spherical grade (ISO-S) offers better flowability and packing density for high quality 3D printing. The appropriate TC4 ELI powder grade is chosen based on the specific additive manufacturing or powder metallurgy process being used. How TC4 ELI Powder Compares to Other Titanium Alloys TC4 ELI offers advantages over other common titanium alloys like Ti-6Al-4V in terms of strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. Comparison of TC4 ELI versus Other Titanium Alloys

Alloy	Strength	Toughness	Corrosion Resistance	Cost
Ti-6Al-4V	Medium	Medium	Medium	Low
Ti-6Al-7Nb	Medium	Medium	High	Medium
Ti-555 (Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr)	Very High	Low	Medium	High
TC4 ELI (Ti-6Al-4V-0.08Fe-0.13O)	Very High	High	Very High	High

Key advantages of TC4 ELI over other titanium alloys: Higher strength than Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb Superior fracture toughness and ductility versus Ti-555 Excellent corrosion resistance in harsh environments Retains properties better at extreme temperatures Lower density than steel alloys Better biocompatibility than stainless steels Can be anodized for color finishes Limitations of TC4 ELI include: Higher cost than Ti-6Al-4V More difficult to machine than Ti-6Al-4V Susceptible to galling against itself Not weldable using conventional fusion welding Still heavier than aluminum alloys Overall, the combination of exceptional mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, low density, and biocompatibility make TC4 ELI an advanced material of choice for critical applications despite its higher cost. Frequently Asked Questions about TC4 ELI Powder Here are answers to some common questions about TC4 ELI powder: FAQs about TC4 ELI Powder Q: What does the ELI stand for in TC4 ELI powder? A: ELI stands for extra low interstitial content. It refers to minimal levels of oxygen and iron in the powder composition. Q: What particle size of TC4 ELI powder is ideal? A: 15-45 micron powder works best for printing fine features and thin walls. 45-105 micron allows faster build rates but lower resolution. Q: What post-processing methods can be used on TC4 ELI powder? A: Annealing, hot isostatic pressing, plasma sintering, and spherical powder manufacturing improve powder properties. Q: Is TC4 ELI powder better than Ti-6Al-4V for 3D printing? A: Yes, TC4 ELI has higher strength and toughness compared to Ti-6Al-4V in as-printed and post-treated states. Q: Does TC4 ELI powder require hot isostatic pressing after additive manufacturing? A: HIPing can eliminate internal pores and improve fatigue resistance. But for non-critical parts, as-printed TC4 ELI may suffice. Q: What precision can be achieved with TC4 ELI powder in metal 3D printing? A: Tolerances of ±0.1% are possible for TC4 ELI printed parts depending on the AM process used. Q: Can TC4 ELI parts be machined after 3D printing? A: Yes, but TC4 ELI is difficult to machine and requires rigid setups and sharp tools due to its hardness. Q: What finish is possible for TC4 ELI AM parts? A: As-printed surface roughness varies by process but finishing steps like grinding, EDM, and polishing allow smooth fine finishes.

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TC4 Powder

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TC4 Powder

Product	TC4 Powder
CAS No.	72046-02-7
Appearance	Silvery White Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Ti-6Al-4V
Density	2.7g/cm3
Molecular Weight	98.90g/mol
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-311/25

TC4 Description:

TC4 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

TC4 Powder Related Information :

Element	Weight %
Titanium (Ti)	Balance
Aluminum (Al)	5.5-6.75%
Vanadium (V)	3.5-4.5%
Iron (Fe)	0-0.40%
Oxygen (O)	0-0.20%
Carbon (C)	0-0.08%
Nitrogen (N)	0-0.05%

The amount of aluminum and vanadium can be optimized to achieve the desired mechanical properties. Impurity levels of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon are minimized. Properties of TC4 Powder

Property	Value
Density	4.41-4.43 g/cm3
Melting Point	1600-1660°C
Thermal Conductivity	6.7 W/mK
Electrical Resistivity	1.7 μΩ.cm
Young’s Modulus	110 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio	0.32-0.34
Tensile Strength	900-1200 MPa
Yield Strength	860-900 MPa
Elongation	8-15%
Fatigue Strength	400-500 MPa

The properties like high strength-to-weight ratio, fatigue resistance, creep and corrosion resistance make TC4 suitable for critical applications across industries. Production Method for TC4 Powder TC4 powder can be produced via methods like: Gas Atomization – High pressure inert gas jet used to atomize molten TC4 alloy resulting in spherical powder particles. Plasma Rotating Electrode Process – Centrifugal disintegration of rapidly rotating molten metal stream produces spherical powder. Hydride-Dehydride Process – Titanium hydride is decomposed to yield fine titanium powder which is then blended with other elemental powders. Gas atomization provides excellent control over powder characteristics like particle size distribution, morphology and flowability. Applications of TC4 Powder TC4 powder is commonly used in: Additive Manufacturing – Selective laser melting to produce lightweight structural parts for aerospace and automotive. Metal Injection Molding – To manufacture small, complex net-shape components like fasteners, links, surgical instruments. Thermal Spray Coatings – Applied via plasma or HVOF spraying to provide wear/corrosion resistance in marine, oil and gas, biomedical applications. Powder Metallurgy – Pressing and sintering to create high-strength parts like compressor and turbine blades. Specifications of TC4 Powder TC4 powder is available under various size ranges, shapes and purity levels: Particle Size: From 15-45 μm for AM methods, up to 100 μm for thermal spray processes. Morphology: Near-spherical powder shape provides optimal flow and packing density. Purity: From commercial purity to high purity levels based on impurity limits and process requirements. Oxygen Content: Levels maintained below 2000 ppm for most applications. Flow Rate: Powder customized for excellent flow rates above 25 s/50 g. Storage and Handling of TC4 Powder TC4 powder requires careful storage and handling: Should be stored in sealed containers under inert gas like argon to prevent oxidation. Avoid accumulation of fine powder to minimize risk of dust explosions. Use proper PPE, ventilation, grounding and safety practices during powder handling. Prevent contact between powder and ignition sources due to flammability hazard. Follow applicable safety guidelines from supplier SDS. Care should be taken when handling this reactive fine titanium alloy powder. Inspection and Testing of TC4 Powder Key quality control tests performed on TC4 powder: Chemical analysis using ICP-OES or XRF to ensure composition meets specifications. Particle size distribution using laser diffraction as per ASTM B822 standard. Morphology analysis through SEM imaging. Powder flow rate measurement using Hall flowmeter as per ASTM B213 standard. Density measurement by helium pycnometry. Impurity analysis through inert gas fusion or ICP-MS. Microstructure characterization by X-ray diffraction. Thorough testing ensures batch consistency and powder quality for the intended application. Comparison Between TC4 and Ti6Al4V Powders TC4 and Ti6Al4V are two titanium alloy powders compared:

Parameter	TC4	Ti6Al4V
Aluminum content	5.5-6.75%	5.5-6.75%
Vanadium content	3.5-4.5%	3.5-4.5%
Density	Higher	Lower
Tensile strength	Higher	Lower
Ductility	Lower	Higher
Oxidation resistance	Similar	Similar
Cost	Higher	Lower

TC4 provides higher strength while Ti6Al4V offers better ductility. TC4 is suitable for more demanding applications despite higher cost. TC4 Powder FAQs Q: How is TC4 powder produced? A: TC4 powder is commercially produced using gas atomization, plasma rotating electrode process, and hydride-dehydride process. Gas atomization offers the best control of particle characteristics. Q: What are the main applications of TC4 powder? A: The major applications of TC4 powder include additive manufacturing, thermal spray coatings, metal injection molding, and powder metallurgy to manufacture high-strength lightweight structural parts. Q: What is the typical TC4 powder size used for selective laser melting? A: For SLM process, the ideal TC4 powder size range is 15-45 microns with spherical morphology and good powder flow and packing density. Q: Does TC4 powder require special handling precautions? A: Yes, it is highly reactive and requires careful handling under inert atmosphere using proper ventilation, grounding, PPE to prevent fire or explosion hazards. Q: Where can I purchase TC4 powder suitable for aerospace applications? A: For aerospace parts needing high strength, TC4 powder can be purchased from leading manufacturer.

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Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Powder

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Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Powder

Product	Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Powder
CAS No.	1316-15-8
Appearance	Silvery-Gray Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Ti-6Al-4V
Density	4.43g/mol
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-319/25

Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Description:

Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Powder Related Information :

Pure titanium powder	Mesh	Particle size≤	PSD	Element（%）＜
D10	D50	D90	Fe	Cl	Mg	Mn	Si	C	N	H	O
-100mesh	150μm	45-50	90-95	135-140	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.13
-200mesh	75μm	18-23	38-45	65-70	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.16
-325mesh	45μm	10-15	26-31	46-51	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.2

Remark: Supporting customized according to customer requirements Product Features The powder has high purity, low oxygen. Ultrafine powder particle size. Mass production of 150μm, 75μm, 45μm, 10μm, 3μm and other particle size products Hydride- dehydrogenation (HDH process) Monthly output of 35 tons, 420 tons of annual output. Application Mainly used in hydrogen battery, powder metallurgy raw materials, surface coating agent, aluminum alloy additives, electric vacuum getter, spray, plating, MIM and other fields. Pulverizing Process: Titanium Sponge Vacuum High Temperature Hydrogenation Titanium Hydride Hydrogenation Granulation Titanium Hydride Powder Vacuum High Temperature Dehydrogenation Dehydrogenation Titanium Dehydrogenation Granulation Screening Inspection Finished Products Packaging FAQ How can we guarantee quality? Always a pre-production sample before mass production; Always final Inspection before shipment; What can you buy from us? 3D metal powder, MIM powder, Electronic paste, the products included are 316L, 17-4ph, H13, sendust,Inconel718,Inconel625m, Silver powder, silver paste, Rare earth products.

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TiNb Alloy Powder

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TiNb Alloy Powder

Product	TiNb Alloy Powder
CAS No.	12010-55-8
Appearance	Gray-Silver Powder
Purity	≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available)
APS	1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range.
Ingredient	Ti-Nb
Density	4.5-5.5g/cm3
Molecular Weight	N/A
Product Codes	NCZ-DCY-322/25

TiNb Alloy Description:

TiNb Alloy Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.

TiNb Alloy Powder Related Information :

Alloy Grade	Niobium Content	Titanium Content
Ti-10Nb	10%	90%
Ti-35Nb	35%	65%
Ti-45Nb	45%	55%
Ti-50Nb	50%	50%

Controlling the composition is critical to achieve the desired properties in the final TiNb alloy product. Powder metallurgy techniques allow precise mixing of the constituent metals into an alloy powder feedstock. TiNb Alloy Powder Properties TiNb alloys exhibit a range of useful physical, mechanical and chemical properties that make them suitable for high performance applications. Some key properties include: Physical Properties Density – 4.5 to 5.5 g/cm3, lower than steel and nickel alloys Melting point – 1550 to 1750°C depending on composition Electrical resistivity – 0.5 to 0.6 μΩ.m, higher than pure titanium Thermal conductivity – 6 to 22 W/m.K, lower than titanium Mechanical Properties Tensile strength – 500 to 1100 MPa, increases with niobium content Yield strength – 300 to 900 MPa Elongation – 10% to 25% Hardness – 200 to 350 HV Fatigue strength – 400 to 600 MPa Other Properties Corrosion resistance – Excellent due to protective oxide layer Wear resistance – Better than titanium due to hardness Biocompatibility – Non-toxic and non-allergenic By adjusting the Ti/Nb ratio, properties like strength, ductility, hardness and elastic modulus can be optimized as per application requirements. Table 2: Typical properties of Ti-35Nb alloy

Property	Value
Density	5.2 g/cm3
Melting point	1600°C
Tensile strength	650 MPa
Yield strength	550 MPa
Elongation	15%
Elastic modulus	60 GPa
Hardness	250 HV

TiNb Alloy Powder Applications The unique properties of TiNb alloys make them suitable for demanding applications in various industries: Aerospace Engine components – blades, discs, fasteners Airframe parts – landing gear, wings, fuselage Hydraulic systems – pumps, valves, actuators Automotive Valve springs, engine valves Connecting rods, turbocharger rotors Motor racing components Biomedical Orthopedic implants – knee, hip Dental implants, crowns Surgical instruments Medical devices Chemical Industry Heat exchangers, reactors Pumps, valves, pipes Corrosion-resistant equipment Other Applications Sporting goods – golf clubs, bike frames High-end watches and jewelry Electrical contacts and connectors High temperature furnace parts The combination of strength, temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility allows TiNb alloys to substitute heavier materials across these industries. Table 3: TiNb alloy applications by industry

Industry	Applications
Aerospace	Engine components, airframe parts, hydraulic systems
Automotive	Valve springs, engine valves, connecting rods
Biomedical	Implants, dental, surgical instruments, devices
Chemical	Heat exchangers, reactors, pumps, valves
Other	Sporting goods, watches, electrical contacts, furnace parts

TiNb Alloy Powder Processing TiNb alloy powder can be produced via different processing routes: Metal Powder Blending elemental titanium and niobium powders are blended together in the required composition blended powder mixture is mechanically alloyed to form the TiNb alloy powder Gas Atomization molten TiNb alloy is atomized with an inert gas into fine droplets droplets solidify into spherical alloy powder particles Plasma Rotating Electrode Process (PREP) TiNb electrode rod is melted using plasma arc and spun at high speeds centrifugal force causes droplets to break off and solidify into particles Hydride-Dehydride (HDH) Method Ti and Nb metals are converted into brittle hydride powders hydride powders are blended, dehydrided, crushed and sieved The particle size, morphology, flowability and microstructure of the powder can be controlled by selecting the appropriate manufacturing process. This influences the final properties after consolidation. Table 4: TiNb alloy powder production methods

Method	Description	Particle Size	Morphology
Mechanical alloying	Blending and milling Ti and Nb powders	10 – 50 microns	Irregular, angular
Gas atomization	Inert gas atomization of molten alloy	15 – 150 microns	Spherical
Plasma rotating electrode	Centrifugal disintegration of melted electrode	50 – 150 microns	Spherical
HDH process	Hydriding, dehydriding, crushing blended powders	10 – 63 microns	Irregular, angular

Consolidation of TiNb Alloy Powder TiNb alloy powder can be converted into full-density components using various powder metallurgy consolidation techniques: Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) encapsulated powder is HIP ped at high temperature and pressure Vacuum Sintering powder is compacted and sintered in vacuum furnace Spark Plasma Sintering powder is simultaneously heated and compressed by pulsed DC current Metal Injection Molding (MIM) powder is mixed with binder, molded, debinded and sintered Additive Manufacturing powder bed fusion (SLM, EBM) or directed energy deposition (DED) HIP and vacuum sintering can achieve close to full density while retaining fine microstructure. Additive manufacturing offers greater geometric freedom. The consolidation process can be optimized to achieve the desired properties. Table 5: TiNb alloy powder consolidation techniques

Method	Description	Density	Microstructure	Geometry
HIP	High pressure, high temperature	Near full density	Fine	Simple shapes
Vacuum sintering	Sintering in vacuum furnace	Near full density	Fine	Simple shapes
Spark plasma sintering	Pulsed current and pressure	Full density	Ultrafine	Simple shapes
Metal injection molding	Powder + binder molding	Near full density	Ultrafine	Complex shapes
Additive manufacturing	Powder bed fusion or directed energy deposition	Near full density	Coarse	Complex shapes

Specifications for TiNb Alloy Powder TiNb alloy powder is available in various specifications tailored for different applications: Compositions: Grades with 10% to 50% niobium content Particle Size: 10 to 150 microns Morphology: Spherical, irregular or blended Production Method: Gas atomized, HDH, blended elemental Purity: >99.5% titanium, >99.8% niobium Oxygen Content: <2000 ppm Flowability: Hall flow rate > 23 sec/50g Apparent Density: ≥ 2.5 g/cc Tap Density: ≥ 3.5 g/cc Chemical composition, particle size distribution, morphology, flow rate and density are commonly specified properties. Custom alloys and powder specifications can be produced for specific applications. Table 6: Typical specification of Ti-35Nb gas atomized powder

Parameter	Specification
Alloy composition	Ti-35Nb
Particle size	15 to 45 microns
Morphology	Spherical
Production method	Gas atomization
Purity	Ti >99.5%, Nb >99.8%
Oxygen content	<1500 ppm
Flow rate	>38 sec/50g
Apparent density	≥ 2.7 g/cc
Tap density	≥ 4.2 g/cc

Handling and Storage of TiNb Alloy Powder As a reactive metallic powder, some care is needed when handling TiNb alloy powder: Store in sealed containers in a dry, inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation and contamination Avoid contact with oxygen, moisture, oils, combustible materials Prevent accumulation of fine powders on surfaces or equipment Ground all conductive equipment used in handling Use spark-proof tools and minimize dust generation Wear gloves and respiratory protection when handling Use grounded ventilation systems and avoid dust clouds Keep away from heat, flames, sparks and other ignition sources Follow safety data sheet for proper PPE and precautions If stored properly in a dry, inert atmosphere, TiNb alloy powder has a typical shelf life of 12 months. Improper storage conditions can lead to oxidation, loss of flowability, or ignition hazards. Table 9: TiNb alloy powder handling guidelines

Parameter	Guidelines
Storage	Sealed containers, dry inert atmosphere
Atmosphere	Avoid oxygen, moisture, oils, combustibles
Equipment	Ground all conductive equipment
Tools	Use non-sparking tools
Ventilation	Grounded ventilation system
PPE	Gloves, respiratory protection
Precautions	Avoid heat, flames, sparks
Shelf life	12 months in inert atmosphere

Safety Data Sheet for TiNb Alloy Powder Like other reactive metal powders, some important safety precautions for TiNb alloy: Wear PPE – gloves, eye protection, mask/respirator Avoid inhalation of powders – use respiratory protection Avoid contact with skin and eyes Wash thoroughly after handling powder Avoid ignition sources, powders may be flammable Use proper grounding and ventilation Inert storage atmosphere to prevent oxidation Avoid spills and dust accumulation on surfaces Follow instructions on SDS and warning labels First aid: Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Get medical help if needed. Skin contact: Wash with soap and water. Get help if irritation persists. Eye contact: Flush eyes with water for 15 minutes. Get medical attention. Ingestion: Drink water. Get medical assistance if discomfort occurs. Always refer to SDS from supplier for complete health and safety information before handling and processing TiNb alloy powder. Table 10: Key safety measures for TiNb alloy powder

Safety Item	Precautions
PPE	Gloves, goggles, N95 mask
Inhalation	Use respiratory protection
Skin contact	Wash affected area with soap and water
Eye contact	Flush eyes with water for 15 minutes
Ingestion	Drink water. Get medical help if needed.
Ventilation	Use grounded ventilation hoods
Grounding	Ground all equipment during handling
Ignition	Avoid sparks, flames, heat sources
Storage	Inert atmosphere away from flammable materials

Quality Inspection of TiNb Alloy Powder To ensure TiNb alloy powder meets specifications, various quality checks are performed: Chemical analysis – ICP, GDMS or LECO analysis to verify composition and purity Particle size analysis – laser diffraction or sieve analysis for size distribution Morphology – SEM imaging to check particle shape and surface topology Flow rate – Hall flow meter test for powder flowability Density – apparent density and tap density measurements Oxygen/nitrogen – inert gas fusion analysis for interstitial impurities Phase identification – XRD analysis to determine phases present Powder properties are tested on each batch to quality standards like ASTM B939, ASTM F3049, EN 10204 3.1. Powder can be blended between lots to achieve uniformity. Table 11: Testing methods for TiNb alloy powder

Test	Method	Standard
Composition	ICP, GDMS, LECO	ASTM E1479, ASTM E2330
Particle size distribution	Laser diffraction, sieving	ASTM B822
Morphology	SEM imaging	ASTM B822
Flow rate	Hall flow meter	ASTM B213
Density	Scott volumeter	ASTM B212
Oxygen/Nitrogen	Inert gas fusion	ASTM E1019
Phase analysis	X-ray diffraction	ASTM E1876

Medical Applications of TiNb Alloy Due to their biocompatibility, high strength and low modulus, TiNb alloys are widely used for medical implants and devices: Orthopedic Implants Knee and hip replacements Bone plates, screws Spinal fixation devices Dental implants and bridges TiNb alloys like Ti-35Nb and Ti-45Nb match the elastic modulus of human bone while providing high fatigue strength. This reduces stress shielding compared to stiffer titanium alloys. Cardiovascular Devices Stents Pacemaker casings Guidewires Surgical instruments The corrosion resistance, non-toxicity and non-magnetism of TiNb alloys make them suitable for devices that contact blood and tissues. TiNb Alloy Grades for Medical Use Ti-10Nb to Ti-50Nb Ti-Nb-Zr, Ti-Nb-Ta for adjusted properties ISO 5832-11 and ASTM F2066 standards Lower modulus Ti-35Nb and Ti-45Nb are commonly used. Higher Nb strengthens but increases modulus. Small Zr/Ta additions further tailor properties. Advantages of TiNb Alloys for Biomedical Use Excellent biocompatibility and osseointegration High strength and fatigue resistance Low modulus close to bone Non-toxic, non-allergenic Corrosion resistant Non-magnetic TiNb alloys provide the best combination of strength, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and elastic modulus for implants. Challenges of TiNb Alloy Medical Components Difficult machining and fabrication Costlier than Ti-6Al-4V alloy Requires rigorous quality control and testing Longer-term clinical data still evolving Being relatively new for medical use, manufacturing and licensing of TiNb components can be more complex. But their advantages outweigh short-term challenges. Automotive Use of TiNb Alloys The high strength, temperature resistance and fatigue life of TiNb alloys make them attractive for automotive parts: Valve Springs Higher strength allows lower spring mass Reduces valve float at high RPM Allows higher power output Engine Valves Withstands high temperature exhaust gases Resists wear and deformation Lightweight Connecting Rods High strength-to-weight ratio Reduces reciprocating mass Allows higher RPM and power Turbocharger Rotors Maintains strength at high temperatures Resists creep deformation Thermal shock resistance Low density Motor Racing Components Lightweight suspension, chassis parts Superior fatigue life Reduced mass and inertia combined with temperature and fatigue resistance lead to higher engine performance and efficiency. Challenges of TiNb Alloys for Automotive High cost compared to steel alloys Processing difficulties with powder metallurgy Limited suppliers and manufacturing experience Uncertain cost-benefit ratio The benefits may justify premium pricing for high-end vehicles and motorsports initially. Broader adoption depends on TiNb powder producers driving down costs. Aerospace Applications of TiNb Alloys TiNb alloys compete with nickel superalloys for aircraft engine and airframe applications needing strength at low temperatures: Engine Components Turbine blades, discs, casings Compressor blades Shafts, fasteners Thrust reversers Structural Parts Landing gear Wings, ribs, stringers Fuselage frames Hydraulic tubing Benefits 30-50% lower density than Ni superalloys Saves weight Similar strength and creep resistance Withstands high stresses and temperatures Challenges Higher costs than titanium alloys currently Processing difficulties compared to wrought alloys Limited production experience and availability Property data still evolving The aerospace industry is conservative, so extensive testing and qualification programs are needed to prove viability and establish supply chains before adopting new alloys like TiNb. Other Applications of TiNb Alloys In addition to medical, automotive and aerospace uses, TiNb alloys are also suitable for: Marine – Propellers, pump shafts, fittings Chemical – Heat exchangers, condensers, piping Sporting goods – Golf clubs, bicycle frames, rackets Power generation – Steam and gas turbine components Electronics – Sputtering targets, capacitors Jewelry – Watches, rings, piercings Oil and gas – Downhole tools, valves, pumps The corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and electrical properties expand the utility of TiNb alloys across diverse industries. Continuing research and development will uncover new applications as manufacturing experience with TiNb alloy powder grows. Their unique balance of properties will enable designs not feasible with other materials. Future Outlook for TiNb Alloys Expanding medical use driven by aging population and need for better implants

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